The Florennes Castle (formerly the Château de Beaufort) in Florennes, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium, is a castle that dates back to the 9th century, although most of the modern structure is much more recent.
The castle is located on a rocky ridge that stretches westward from the center of the old town of Florennes.[1] There are early records of construction of a wooden castle in Florennes in 842. In 944, Count Eilbert replaced the wooden building with a stone castle surrounded by walls.[2] Eilbert, lord of Florennes, died on 28 March 977. His daughter Alpaïde de Hoegarde (c. 921–986) married Godefroi de Juliers, a Count of Hainaut, and their sons Godefroi and then Arnoul inherited Florennes. The town and castle, owned by Arnoul's grandson Godefroi IV de Florennes (c. 1010–1080), became a fief of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège in 1070.[3] The powerful Rumigny-Florennes family held the castle as vassals of Liège until the late 13th century.[4]
In 1281, Isabelle de Rumigny, who had inherited the castle, married Thibaut of Lorraine, lord of Neufchateau. Thibaut was a warrior prince, and fought in the wars between the kings of France, the emperors of Germany and other potentates. He was in the ranks of the French at the disastrous Battle of Courtrai on 9 July 1302.[5] Thibaut became Duke of Lorraine on 31 December 1302, and had to fight a revolt of his subjects. At one point, he lost control of the castle to the prince-bishop of Liège, but it was restored on 6 June 1307.[5]
The castle was badly damaged during a siege in 1408. Starting in 1417, Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine, undertook work that included building the terrace and, in 1425, laying out a 20 hectares (49 acres) park.[2] A document from 1420 states that the people of Surice, Mazée, Vodelée, Soulme, Omezée, Villers-en-Fagne, Roly, Neuville, Vodecée, Villers-le-Gambon, Franchimont, Corenne and Anthée were required to mount guard over the castle.[6] The castle was damaged again in a siege in 1430.[2] Around 1465 it was said that the castle of the town of Florine was fortified with ditches, bulwarks and other defensive works.[7] These walls still existed in 1517, and the castle was accessed over a drawbridge.[2] The house of Lorraine owned the castle until 1556.[7]
From 1556 to 1771, the castle was owned by the House of Glymes-Jodoigne.[7] On 14 December 1570, Jean de Glymes, Baron of Florennes and Governor of Philippeville, and his wife Reneé de Vaudemont wrote a will leaving their eldest son Charles de Glymes the land and baronetcy of Florennes. Jean de Glymes died in the castle on 2 July 1575.[8]
The Queen of Navarre, Margaret of Valois, sought refuge in the castle in 1577. She reached the lower court of the castle, but the wife of the lord of the castle refused her admittance in her husband's absence.[9] Don John of Austria, hearing that the queen was staying at the castle, sent 300 men to cut the road and capture the castle. Thinking the queen was within the castle, they camped some way away, planning to take it the next day. The situation was serious but the queen's pleas for sanctuary went unheeded. Finally Charles de Glymes arrived. He reproved his wife and granted the queen admittance.[9] He then provided an escort back to Paris.[10]
The castle passed to the Beaufort-Spontin family in 1771.[1] In 1794, the French revolutionaries seized the castle from its owner, the Duke of Beaufort-Spontin, who had emigrated. In 1800, the municipality of Florennes declared that the castle was a national asset and could not be sold. The Beaufort-Spontins regained the property after the restoration of the monarchy. In 1893, the Beaufort-Spontin family sold the castle and its outbuildings. It was resold to the French Jesuits in 1902, after religious schools had been suppressed in France. They used it for their Saint-Jean Berchmans college, and in 1905 built a novitiate at the southern end of the park.[2]
During World War I, the castle was used as a hospital by the French army and then by the German army. The castle was occupied by the German army again in 1940. In 1942, it was transferred to the air force, who installed an air command post in the novitiate, which was destroyed by fire when they left in 1944. The castle was then occupied by American troops.[2]
In 1950, the Jesuits sold the castle and part of the park to the Missions Seminary (Séminaire des Missions) for use as a free girls school.[2] For the last thirty years the Missions Seminary has leased the castle to the Municipality of Florennes, who in turn have rented it to the Justice of the Peace and the Music Academy. The process of registering the castle buildings and the park with the Institut du Patrimoine as a Wallon Heritage site were initiated in May 2004. Some of the building could continue to be used for educational purposes, while other parts would be restored. The Heritage Department would cover 60% of the costs of restoration.[1]
Most of the fortifications were destroyed in 1704 on the orders of Louis XIV of France, but some towers and ramparts were still standing in 1740.[2]
A 1744 travel book Les Délices du Païs de Liege ("The Delights of the country of Liege") described the property as having several large gothic buildings flanked with towers, and a large garden laid out in excellent taste. A terrace and gallery were decorated with elegant pillars surmounted by statues, and looked over a parterre with a fountain in the center. The garden was laid out with wide paths and held an étoile, or star-shaped design of clipped hedges, a labyrinth and two ponds, each with an island containing a formal garden in the center. The chateau at that time was property of the Count of Glimes de Jodogne, Marquis de Florennes and de Courcelles.[11]
Of the medieval castle, all that remains today are two towers connected by a 20 metres (66 ft) curtain wall along the west side of the courtyard. This wall may well date to the 13th century.[7] The tower on the right is called "the archives". A fire in 1862 damaged the upper part of "this tower and the wall. They were restored and improved, refinished in limestone and decorated with niches. The tower on the left, overlooking the park, was rebuilt in 1868 on the base of a medieval tower.[2]
The main building was built or reconstructed in the 16th century. The thickness of the outer wall indicates that this was once part of the old south curtain wall. The "Billard" tower at the far right when viewed from the park was enlarged and resurfaced in 1830. The orangery, a lower extension running from the main building to the "Billard" tower, was built between 1825 and 1844 on foundations that date from the 18th century.[7] A passage from beneath the building now gives access to stairs that led down to the park, built at the start of the 18th century.[2] A south-facing terrace overlooks the park, which includes a stream-fed pond and has some extremely old trees.[12]
هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير الأهواز أو الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير الأحواز هي إحدى جبهات مقاومة عرب الأحواز. تأسست عام 1968 م وقامت بعمليات كثيرة وأصدرت عام 1971 صحيفة الأحواز.[1] مصادر ^ ا
Mom Chao Vodhyakara Varavarn[a] (Thai: หม่อมเจ้าโวฒยากร วรวรรณ, 1900–1981) was a Thai prince and architect. He was among the first Thai architects to be educated in Europe, graduating from the University of Cambridge, and was an influential figure in the formation of the modern fields of architecture and architecture education in Thailand. He produced works both for the government and privately during the pre- and post-World War II periods, a…
أديب النحوي معلومات شخصية الميلاد سنة 1920 حلب تاريخ الوفاة 20 يوليو 1998 (77–78 سنة) مواطنة سوريا الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة دمشق (التخصص:بكالوريوس في الحقوق) (الشهادة:بكالوريوس)جامعة باريس المهنة روائي اللغات العربية بوابة الأدب تعديل مصدري - تعدي
Pulka sedang diseret oleh seorang peski. Anak kecil bermain pulka. Pulka adalah sebutan dalam bahasa Swedia untuk eretan salju berukuran kecil untuk olahraga meluncur dan alat pengangkutan.[1] Eretan ini diseret oleh anjing, rusa kutub, atau orang sewaktu berski. Pulka berbentuk seperti perahu kecil, memiliki dasar yang cembung, dan tidak memiliki tidak memiliki alas luncur. Orang memakai pulka untuk mengangkut perbekalan seperti tenda, makanan, atau membawa anak kecil/orang lain. Di Nor…
село Городне Герб Прапор Країна Україна Область Волинська область Район Ковельський район Громада Любомльська міська громада Облікова картка картка Основні дані Засноване 1487 Населення 713 Площа 2,18 км² Густота населення 327,06 осіб/км² Поштовий індекс 44327 Телефон…
п о р Оболонки ЗемліЗовнішні Атмосфера • Біосфера • Гідросфера • Кріосфера • Магнітосфера • Педосфера Внутрішні Тектоносфера • Кора Континентальна кора • Океанічна кора • Осадовий шар • Верхня кора • Поверхня Конрада • Нижня кора • Літосфера (Літосферні плити) Пове
Adhemar Grijó Filho Natação Nome completo Adhemar Grijó Filho Estilo peito Nascimento 18 de outubro de 1931 (92 anos)Florianópolis Nacionalidade brasileira Compleição Altura: 1,74 m Medalhas Polo aquático masculino Jogos Pan-Americanos Ouro São Paulo 1963 polo aquático Bronze Cid.do México 1955 polo aquático Bronze Chicago 1959 polo aquático Adhemar Grijó Filho (Florianópolis, 18 de outubro de 1931) foi um nadador e jogador de polo aquático brasileiro. Ele participou de…
Der Titel dieses Artikels ist mehrdeutig. Weitere Bedeutungen sind unter Wistedt (Begriffsklärung) aufgeführt. Wappen Deutschlandkarte 53.27139.683245Koordinaten: 53° 16′ N, 9° 41′ O Basisdaten Bundesland: Niedersachsen Landkreis: Harburg Samtgemeinde: Tostedt Höhe: 45 m ü. NHN Fläche: 18,61 km2 Einwohner: 1745 (31. Dez. 2022)[1] Bevölkerungsdichte: 94 Einwohner je km2 Postleitzahl: 21255 Vorwahl: 04182 Kfz-Kennzeichen: WL…
Corte Suprema de Justiciade Guatemala Sello de la Corte Suprema. LocalizaciónPaís GuatemalaInformación generalSigla CSJJurisdicción Guatemala GuatemalaTipo Poder judicialSede Palacio de Justicia, Zona 1, Ciudad de GuatemalaOrganizaciónPresidente Oscar Cruz Oliva (desde el 21 de noviembre de 2023)Composición Véase Composición actualRelacionados Cámara Civil Cámara Penal Cámara de Amparo y AntejuicioHistoriaFundación 11 de octubre de 1825 (198 años)Sucesión Corte Superior d…
Обґрунтування добропорядного використання для статті «Невицька Ірина Павлівна» [?] Опис Ірина Невицька Джерело http://www.uatvory.ru/2015/07/nevucka.html Автор невідомий. Час створення до 1966 р. Мета використання Проілюструвати статтю Замінність Заміна вільним файлом неможлива Обся
Christian churches that practice snake handling and drinking poison This article needs more complete citations for verification. Please help add missing citation information so that sources are clearly identifiable. (September 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Snake handling at the Church of God with Signs Following at Lejunior in Harlan County, Kentucky, 15 September 1946 (NARA). Photo by Russell Lee. Snake handling, also called serpent handling, is a religious rite obs…
Wakil Bupati BanyuwangiSatya Bhakti Praja Mukti(bahasa Indonesia: Setia pada bakti untuk masyarakat makmur)PetahanaH. Sugirah, S.Pd., M.Si.sejak 26 Februari 2021Masa jabatan5 tahunDibentuk2000Pejabat pertamaAbdul KadirSitus webbanyuwangikab.go.id Berikut ini adalah daftar Wakil Bupati Banyuwangi dari masa ke masa. No Wakil Bupati Mulai Jabatan Akhir Jabatan Prd. Ket. Bupati 1 Abdul Kadir 2000 2005 1 Ir.Samsul Hadi 2 K. H.Yusuf Nur Iskandar 2005 2010 2 Ratna Ani LestariS.E.…
Peta infrastruktur dan tata guna lahan di Komune Bruyères-le-Châtel. = Kawasan perkotaan = Lahan subur = Padang rumput = Lahan pertanaman campuran = Hutan = Vegetasi perdu = Lahan basah = Anak sungaiBruyères-le-ChâtelNegaraPrancisArondisemenPalaiseauKantonArpajonAntarkomuneCC de l'ArpajonnaisKode INSEE/pos91115 / Bruyères-le-Châtel merupakan sebuah kota dan komune di département Essonne, di region Île-de-France di Prancis. Sejarah Seb…
1987 TV series or program Life StoryVHS cover art using the alternate U.S. titleGenreDocumentaryBased onThe Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNAby James WatsonWritten byWilliam NicholsonDirected byMick JacksonStarringJeff GoldblumTim Pigott-SmithMusic byPeter HowellOriginal languageEnglishProductionProducerMick JacksonCinematographyAndrew DunnEditorsRobin BrightwellJim LathamRunning time107 minutesProduction companiesA+E NetworksBBCHorizon FilmsOriginal …
Washington Metro station Congress HeightsCongress Heights station platformGeneral informationLocation1290 Alabama Avenue SEWashington, D.C.Owned byWashington Metropolitan Area Transit AuthorityPlatforms1 island platformTracks2Connections Metrobus: 92, D51, V7, W1, W2, W3, W4 DC Circulator: Congress Heights–Union StationConstructionStructure typeUndergroundBicycle facilitiesCapital Bikeshare, 10 racks and 12 lockersAccessibleYesOther informationStation codeF07HistoryOpenedJanuary …
Football clubMFC AyatFull nameAyat Rudny Mini-Football ClubFounded1985GroundGornyak Sportcomplex, Rudny, KazakhstanCapacity1,500ChairmanKairat KazbekovManagerKanat TalakpaevLeaguePremier League2014-153WebsiteClub website Ayat Rudny Mini-Football Club is a futsal club based in Rudny, a city of Kostanay Province. The club was founded in 1985 and its home court is the Gornyak Sportcomplex with capacity of 1,500 seated spectators. History The club was created under the name Stroitel in 1985. Ayr Str…
Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Rawang (disambiguasi). kota Rawang dilihat dari udara Kota Rawang terletak di utara Kuala Lumpur menuruti jalan lama menuju ke Ipoh, Perak. Rawang terletak di negara bagian Selangor Darul Ehsan. Antara tempat yang berdekatan dengan Rawang ialah Selayang dan Hutan Lipur Kanching. Di kota inilah, pabrik mobil Perodua berada. Dalam transportasi rel, kota ini dilayani oleh Stasiun Rawang. lbs Selangor Darul EhsanDaerah/distrikGombak • Hulu Langat • Hulu Selangor • Kl…
Nigerian footballer Mutiu Adepoju Adepoju playing with Real Madrid veteransPersonal informationFull name Mutiu AdepojuDate of birth (1970-12-22) 22 December 1970 (age 52)Place of birth Ibadan, NigeriaHeight 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)Position(s) Attacking midfielderYouth career1986–1987 Femo ScorpionsSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1988 Shooting Stars 1989 Julius Berger 1989–1992 Real Madrid B 67 (27)1992–1996 Racing Santander 124 (25)1996–2000 Real Sociedad 88 (8)2000–2…
Toto Japan ClassicTournament informationLocationOmitama, Ibaraki, Japan (2023)Established1973; 50 years ago (1973)Course(s)Taiheiyo Club Minori Course (2023)Par72Length6,608 yards (6,042 m)Organized byMBSSports NipponTour(s)LPGA TourLPGA of Japan TourFormatStroke play – 72 holesPrize fund$2.0 millionMonth playedNovemberTournament record scoreAggregate192 Annika Sörenstam (2003, 3 rnds) 266 Mone Inami (2023)To par−24 Annika Sörenstam (2003, 3 rnds) −22 Mone Inami (2…
American actress (born 1980) Olivia MunnMunn in 2018BornLisa Olivia Munn (1980-07-03) July 3, 1980 (age 43)Oklahoma City, U.S.Alma materUniversity of Oklahoma (BA)OccupationActressYears active1999–presentPartnerJohn Mulaney (2021–present)Children1 Lisa Olivia Munn (born July 3, 1980) is an American actress. After an internship at a news station in Tulsa, she moved to Los Angeles where she began her professional career as a television host for the gaming network G4, primarily o…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.141.38.202