Family tree of Muhammad

This family tree is about the relatives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad as a family member of the family of Hashim and the Quraysh tribe which is ‘Adnani.[1][2][3][4] According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad descends from the biblical Ishmael through the Hashem tribe.[a]

Prophet Muhammad's family tree


Kilab ibn MurrahFatimah bint Sa'd
Zuhrah ibn Kilab
(progenitor of Banu Zuhrah)
maternal great-great-grandfather		Qusai ibn Kilab
paternal great-great-great-grandfather		Hubba bint Hulail
paternal great-great-great-grandmother
`Abd Manaf ibn Zuhrah
maternal great-grandfather		`Abd Manaf ibn Qusai
paternal great-great grandfather		Atikah bint Murrah
paternal great-great-grandmother
Wahb ibn `Abd Manaf
maternal grandfather		Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf
(progenitor of Banu Hashim)
paternal great-grandfather		Salma bint `Amr
paternal great-grandmother
Fatimah bint `Amr
paternal grandmother		`Abdul-Muttalib
paternal grandfather		Halah bint Wuhayb
paternal step-grandmother
Amina
mother		`Abdullah
father		Az-Zubayr
paternal uncle		Harith
paternal half-uncle		Hamza
paternal half-uncle
Thuwaybah
first nurse		Halimah
second nurse		Abu Talib
paternal uncle		`Abbas
paternal half-uncle		Abu Lahab
paternal half-uncle		6 other sons
and 6 daughters
MuhammadKhadija
first wife		`Abd Allah ibn `Abbas
paternal cousin
Fatima
daughter		Ali
paternal cousin and son-in-law
family tree, descendants		Qasim
son		`Abd Allah
son
Zaynab
daughter		Ruqayya
daughter		Uthman
second cousin and son-in-law
family tree		Umm Kulthum
daughter		Zayd
adopted son
Ali ibn Zainab
grandson		Umamah bint Zainab
granddaughter		`Abd Allah ibn Uthman
grandson		Rayhana bint Zayd
wife (disputed)		Usama ibn Zayd
adoptive grandson
Muhsin ibn Ali
grandson		Hasan ibn Ali
grandson		Husayn ibn Ali
grandson
family tree		Umm Kulthum bint Ali
granddaughter		Zaynab bint Ali
granddaughter		Safiyya
tenth wife
Abu Bakr
father-in-law
family tree		Sawda
second wife		Umar
father-in-law
family tree		Umm Salama
sixth wife		Juwayriya
eighth wife		Maymuna
eleventh wife
Aisha
third wife
Family tree		Zaynab bint Khuzayma
fifth wife		Hafsa
fourth wife		Zaynab bint Jahsh
seventh wife		Umm Habiba
ninth wife		Maria al-Qibtiyya
twelfth wife-Disputed
Ibrahim
son
  • * indicates that the marriage order is disputed
  • Note that direct lineage is marked in bold.

Genealogy

Muhammad to Adnan

According to Islamic prophetic tradition, Muhammad descended from Adnan.[7] Tradition records the genealogy from Adnan to Muhammad comprises 21 generations. The following is the list of chiefs who are said to have ruled the Hejaz and to have been the patrilineal ancestors of Muhammad.[4]His Ancestors were generally referred to by their laqabs or titles, names will be mentioned alongside each title.

Muhammad's ancestors to Murrah
Muhammad's ancestors to Murrah

Adnan to Isma'il

Islamic tradition and Arabic oral genetic tradition agree that the lineage from Adnan to Isma'il is lost. It is narrated that when the prophet Muhammad recited a lineage then reached 'Adnan, he said "Do not surpass Ma'add ibn 'Adnan, the Genealogists lied!" and then proceeded to recite "وَقُرُوناً بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ كَثِيراً" (And numerous generations between them; Quran 25:38[9]).[10] Nevertheless, there are records that survived, although they are deemed mere speculations by most scholars.[11]

'Adnan was the ancestor of the 'Adnani Arabs of northern, central and western Arabia and a direct descendant of Isma'il.[11] It is not confirmed how many generations are between them; however, Adnan was fairly close to him. According to the Hebrew Bible, Isma'il had twelve sons who are said to have become twelve tribal chiefs throughout the regions from Havilah to Shur (from Assyria to the border of Egypt).[12]

Genealogists differ from which son of Isma'il the main line of descent came, either his eldest son Nabeet or Al-Nabt (Nebaioth), or his second son Qidar (Kedar) was the father of the North Arabian people that controlled the region between the Persian Gulf and the Sinai Peninsula.

Ibrahim to Adam

Scholars, both Islamic and Western agree that the narrations considering Ibrahim's lineage to Adam are mythology.[10] Most of the lineage is borrowed from Hebrew tradition or Isra'iliyyat.

It is unclear how many generations are between Ibrahim and Nuh. Nuh's son Sam (Shem) is considered the ancestor of the Semitic race.[b]

Lineage of several prophets
according to Islamic tradition
 
Adam
Shīth (Seth)
Nūḥ (Noah)
Ibrāhīm (Abraham)
Ismāʿīl (Ishmael)Iṣḥāq (Isaac)
Mūsa (Moses)
ʿĪsā (Jesus)
Muhammad
Dotted lines indicate multiple generations.

Family tree linking Prophets to Shi'ite Imams

Family tree linking prophets to Imams
İbrahim
İsmail
Qedarites
Adnān
Mālik
Quraysh
Fihr
HarithMuhāribGālib
SalabahLu'ay
SûrayrKâ'bSayl
MûrrahSa'd
Hind
Kilab ibn MurrahFatimah bint Sa'd
Qusai ibn KilabHubba bint HulailZuhrah ibn Kilab
Waqida bint AmrAbd Manaf ibn QusaiʿAbd Manāf ibn ZuhrahʿĀtika
Nawfal ibn Abd ManafAtikah bint Murrah
ʿAbd Shams ibnʿAbdManafHalaBarraMuttalib ibn Abd ManafHashim ibn 'Abd ManafHashemites
Banu NawfalUmayya ibn Abd ShamsBarraWahb ibn 'Abd ManafAbusayfah‘Abd al-MuttalibAsad ibn HashimNazle
HarbAbu al-'As ibn UmayyahAminah bint Wahb‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al-MuttalibAbu Talib ibn ‘Abd al-MuttalibHamza ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib
Abu Sufyan ibn HarbAl-Hakam ibn Abi al-'AsAffan ibn Abi al-'AsMuhammed
(Family tree)		Khadijah (Daughters)Ali
(Family tree)		Khawlah bint Ja'farʿAbd Allâh bin `Abbâs
Muawiyah IMarwan ibn al-HakamUthman ibn AffanRuqayyah bint MuhammadFatimah ZahraMuhammad ibn al-HanafiyyahAl-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
(Kaysān’îyyah)		ʿAli bin ʿAbd Allāh
UmmayadsUthman ibn Abu-al-AasHasan al-mujtabaUmm Ishaq bint TalhaHussein ibn Ali (Family)ShahrbanuAbu Hāshim al-Hānafiyyah (Kaysān’īyyah)Muhammad "al-Imām"
Yazid IZayd ibn al-HasanHasan al-Mu'thannāFatimah bint HasanAli Zayn
al-‘Āb’i-Dīn		Jayda al-SindhiAs-SaffahIbrāheem
"al-Imām"
Muawiyah IIHasan ibn Zayd ibn HasanʿAbd Allāh al-KāmīlFarwah bint al-QasimMuhammad al-Baqir
(Imāmah)		Zayd ash-Shaheed
(Zaidiyyah)		AbbasidsJāʿfar ibn Abī Tālīb
Ali Zayn
al-‘Āb’i-Dīn		Ismā‘il ibn HassanMuhammad
al-Nafs al-Zakiyya		Hamīdah
al-Barbariyyah Khātūn		Jāʿfar al-Sādiq (Imamāh‘Shi'ā)Fatima bint al-Hussain'l-Athram
bin al-Ḥasan bin Ali		Hasan ibn Zayd’ûl-Alavī (Tabaristan)ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jāʿfar
‘Umar al-AshrafMuhammed ibn Ismā‘ilIdris ibn ʿAbd AllāhUmmul Banīn NajmahMusa al-Kadhim
(Athnā‘ashariyyah)		Ismā‘il
(Ismā‘il’īyyah)		Yāhyā ibn Zayd’ûl-AlavīIsmā‘il ibn ʿAbd Allāh
‘AlīZayyedIdrisidsSabīkah KhayzurānAli al-RidhaMuhammedHusseinʿAbd Allāh
al-HussaynDā‘ī al-KabīrIbrāhimSumānahM. al-JawādAl-WafiYāhyāal-Hussayn
‘AlīAl-ṣāghīrYāhyāHadīthah/Sūsan/Savīl‘Alī al-HādīAt-Tāqī‘UmarFatımā
al-NāṣīrNarjisHasan al-AskariAr-RāḍīYāhyā Kufī
AlavidsMuhammad MahdiMahdi Billāh
Twelve Imams (Twelvers)Fatimids (Ismailism)Al-Aftāh (Aftāhīyyah)
Al-Qā'imMuhammad
Al-Mansur
Al-Mu'izz
Al-Aziz
Al-Hakim
Az-Zahir
Al-Mustansir
Nizār al-Muṣṭafá (Nizārīyyah)MuhammedAl-Mustā‘lī (Mustā‘līyyah)
Al-Āmīr
Alamut Castle (Hassasins)Al-Hāfeez (Ḥāfīzīyyah)Aṭ-Ṭāyyīb (Ṭāyyībīyyah)
Al-ZāfīrYūssuf
Nizārī ImāmahAl-Fā'īzTaiyabi Dā'ĩs
Al-'Āḍīd
Nizārī IsmāilismDawoodi Dā'ĩs
Ayyubids

Ancestry

Ancestors of Muhammad
16. Mughira
8. 'Amr al-ʻUlā
17. Atikah
4. Shaybah
18. Amr
9. Salma
19. Umairah
2. Abdullah
20. A'idh
10. Amri
21. Fatimah
5. Fatimah
22. Abd
11. Sakhrah
23. Takhmur
1.Muhammad
24. Zuhrah
12. Abd Manaf
25. Jumul
6. Wahb
26. Wajz
13. Hind
27. Salma
3. Aminah
28. Uthman
14. Abdul Uzza
29. Hudhaibah
7. Barrah
30. Asad
15. Umm Habib
31. Barrah

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Wathilah ibn al-Asqa narrated that Muhammad said "Indeed Allah chose Isma'il from the progeny of Ibrahim, chose the Banu Kinanah over other tribes from the children of Isma'il; He chose the Banu Quraish over other tribes of Kinanah; He chose Banu Hashim over the other families of the Quraish; and He chose me from Banu Hashim."[5][6]
  2. ^ This list of names is based on the work of a 16th-century Syrian scholar. Alternate transliterations of the Arabic appear in parentheses. For those names that have articles, which use the most common English name, the article has been linked, but the name appears as transliterated from the Arabic.

References

  1. ^ Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah Waris. "The Prophet's Line Family No 3 – Qusayy, Hubbah, and Banu Nadr to Quraysh". Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood Dawah. Archived from the original on 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2013-07-01.[unreliable source?]
  2. ^ Ibn Hisham. The Life of the Prophet Muhammad. Vol. 1. p. 181.
  3. ^ Parolin, Gianluca P. (2009). Citizenship in the Arab World: Kin, Religion and Nation-State. Amsterdam University Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-9089640451. "The ‘arabicised or arabicising Arabs’, on the contrary, are believed to be the descendants of Ishmael through Adnan, but in this case the genealogy does not match the Biblical line exactly. The label ‘arabicised’ is due to the belief that Ishmael spoke Hebrew until he got to Mecca, where he married a Yemeni woman and learnt Arabic. Both genealogical lines go back to Sem, son of Noah, but only Adnanites can claim Abraham as their ascendant, and the lineage of Mohammed, the Seal of Prophets (khatim al-anbiya'), can therefore be traced back to Abraham. Contemporary historiography unveiled the lack of inner coherence of this genealogical system and demonstrated that it finds insufficient matching evidence; the distinction between Qahtanites and Adnanites is even believed to be a product of the Umayyad Age, when the war of factions (al-niza al-hizbi) was raging in the young Islamic Empire."
  4. ^ a b Hughes, Thomas Patrick (1995) [First published 1885]. A Dictionary of Islam: Being a Cyclopaedia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies, and Customs, Together With the Technical and Theological Terms, of the Muhammadan Religion. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 19. ISBN 978-81-206-0672-2. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
  5. ^ Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj, Sahih Muslim
  6. ^ al-Tirmidhī, Sunan al-Tirmidhi
  7. ^ Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari. The History of al-Tabari. Vol. 6. p. 37. The genealogists do not differ concerning the descent of our Prophet Muhammad as far as Ma'add b. 'Adnan.
  8. ^ Koenig, Harold G. (2014-01-01). "Differences and Similarities". Health and Well-Being in Islamic Societies. Springer Science+Business Media. p. 97. The Quraysh was Nadhr, the 12th tribal generation down from Kedar, the son of Ishmael mentioned in the Bible.
  9. ^ Al-Furqaan 38
  10. ^ a b 'Uyoon Al-Ma'aarif; Al-Qudaa'i
  11. ^ a b Mackintosh-Smith, Tim (2019-04-30). Arabs. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-18028-2.
  12. ^ Kaltner, John (2017-06-15). Ishmael Instructs Isaac: An Introduction to the Qur'an for Bible Readers. Liturgical Press. ISBN 978-0-8146-8363-7.
  13. ^ Ibn Hisham, Rahmat-ul-lil'alameen, 2/14-17.
  14. ^ Firestone et al., 2001, pp. 11–12.
  15. ^ Hakim al-Nishaburi (ed.). Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain. 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abbas narrated Muhammad said: "Between Nuh and Adam were ten generations, all of them were upon Sharia of the truth, then they differed. So Allah sent prophets as bringers of good news and as warners."

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