Esperance Branch Railway

Esperance Branch Railway
Esperance Branch Railway
	The former Station Master's Office in Esperance
Overview
Termini	Coolgardie (NG) and Kalgoorlie (SG); Esperance;
Technical
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Old gauge	Narrow gauge
Highest elevation	378.8 m (1,243 ft)
	Esperance Branch Railway Main locations 300km; 200miles Esperance 5 Salmon Gums 4 Norseman 3 Coolgardie 2 Kalgoorlie 1
Route map
Route map
	Legend
	Kalgoorlie
	Eastern Goldfields Railway
	Coolgardie
	Original rail alignment (closed 1960s)

The Esperance Branch Railway is a railway from Kalgoorlie to the port of Esperance in Western Australia.

It was lobbied for by Esperance residents to be linked into the WAGR railway network to provide land transport to their region.

In the strictest terms it was an extension of the Eastern Goldfields Railway,^[1]^[2] but following the Standard Gauge project in the 1960s it has run from Kalgoorlie to Esperance since the mid-1970s, as Coolgardie is no longer connected by rail.

Sub-divisions/Sections

Coolgardie – Widgiemooltha – 51 miles 38 chains (82.8 km), completed in 1908.^[3]

Widgiemooltha – Norseman – 56 miles 59 chains (91.3 km), completed in 1909.^[4]
Norseman – Salmon Gums – 58 miles 46 chains (94.3 km), completed in 1927.^[5]
Salmon Gums – Esperance – 65 miles 56 chains (105.7 km), completed in 1925.^[6]^[7]

Steam era water supplies

During the time the narrow gauge railway was in operation, due to the distances through dry country, dams and tanks were of importance to supply the steam engines in operation.

Between Coolgardie and Esperance, water supply sources were from Water Supply Department (Coolgardie), Mines Department Dam (Widgiemooltha),^[8] and WAGR dams. Early WAGR annual reports took into consideration: Catchment area, Capacity, Pumped or gravitation collection of water, estimated loss by evaporation and absorption, and total amount of water stored.^[9]

Esperance Flyer

This passenger train started in 1932. It was 5 hours faster than the mixed goods train,^[10] though averaging only about 35 km/h (22 mph).^[11] Trains were sped up by a further 1½ hours when diesels took over in 1954.^[12] By 1967 a bus had replaced the train.^[13]

Gauge and route

The line was originally built as narrow gauge, but with gauge standardisation of the main interstate railway in the late 1960s, it was converted to standard gauge, so as not to become a gauge orphan. The route was also changed somewhat with standardisation, with a junction at Kalgoorlie replacing the junction at Coolgardie. Gauge conversion of the line was completed in the mid-1970s.^[14]

Acts of Parliament

The following Acts of Parliament are associated with the railway line:

Coolgardie-Norseman Railway Act 1906, assented to on 14 December 1906, authorised the construction of the railway line from Coolgardie to Norseman.^[15]
Esperance Northwards Railway Act 1914, assented to on 10 February 1915, authorised construction of a 97 kilometres (60 mi)-long railway line northwards from Esperance.^[16]
Esperance Northwards Railway Extension Act 1922, assented to on 30 December 1922, authorised the construction of a 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) railway line extension to Salmon Gums.^[17]
Norseman-Salmon Gums Railway Act 1924, assented to on 31 December 1924, authorised the construction of the railway line from Norseman to Salmon Gums.^[18]
Lake Lefroy (Coolgardie-Esperance Wharf) Railway Act 1969, assented to on 21 May 1969, authorised the construction of a railway line to connect the Esperance Branch Railway to the Esperance land backed wharf and construction of a spur railway to Lake Lefroy.^[19]

Selected stopping locations

Grass Patch
Scaddan
Gibson – 1800m crossing loop built 2009.^[20]
Esperance

Elevation

The railway line starts at an elevation of 378 metres (1,240 ft) at Kalgoorlie and finishes at Esperance at an elevation of 3.3 metres (11 ft). It reaches its lowest point of 3.2 metres (10 ft) at the 385.8-kilometre (239.7 mi) mark, just before the terminus at Esperance, and its highest point of 378.8 metres (1,243 ft) at the 25.3-kilometre (15.7 mi) mark, south of Hampton.^[21]

Notes

^ Western Australian Government Railways (1954), Report of the Western Australian Government Railways Commission for the year ended, W.H. Wyatt, retrieved 5 July 2012 Appendix F, page 60 – 'Eastern Goldfields Railway'
^ [Scrapbook] of newspaper cuttings May 1900-December 1916 relating to Coolgardie-Esperance Railway, 1900, retrieved 18 April 2022
^ "Coolgardie to Widgiemooltha". Geraldton Guardian. Vol. II, no. 190. Western Australia. 28 April 1908. p. 3. Retrieved 21 August 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
^ "Norseman Railway". The Evening Star. Vol. 11, no. 3356. Western Australia. 10 February 1909. p. 3. Retrieved 23 June 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
^ "Esperance Railway". The West Australian. Vol. XLIII, no. 7, 877. Western Australia. 9 September 1927. p. 14. Retrieved 23 June 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
^ Alex Gibson and D. H. S. du Plessis (December 1947). "Report to the Royal Commission appointed to inquire into the management, workings and control of the Western Australian Government Railways" (PDF). Parliament of Western Australia. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
^ "The Esperance Railway". Sunday Times (Perth). No. 1443. Western Australia. 6 September 1925. p. 1 (First Section). Retrieved 21 August 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
^ before railway construction the dam was identified as having 5 million gallon capacity "Widgiemooltha". Western Mail. Vol. XVI, no. 782. Western Australia. 22 December 1900. p. 107. Retrieved 23 June 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
^ Western Australian Government Railways, Tramways, and Electricity Supply; Western Australia. Public Works Department; Western Australia. Railway Dept; Western Australia. Public Works and Railways Dept (1900), Report on the working of the government railways, tramways, and electricity supply for the year ended, Fred. WM. Simpson, Government Printer, retrieved 23 June 2024{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) noting also titled in Trove/NLA entry for variant names of the Department
^ "BY RAIL TO ESPERANCE". West Australian (Perth, WA : 1879 – 1954). 20 December 1932. p. 15. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
^ Fitch, Ron J. (2006). Australian Railwayman: From Cadet Engineer to Railways Commissioner. Rosenberg Publishing Pty, Limited. ISBN 9781922013095.
^ "Westland will be nearly four hours faster". Sunday Times (Perth, WA : 1902 – 1954). 21 November 1954. p. 6. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
^ "Week-end Bus Service for Kambalda". Beverley Times (WA : 1905 – 1977). 1 December 1967. p. 8. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
^ "Narrow gauge service continues as track is standardised". Railway Transportation: 32–33. November 1973. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
^ "Coolgardie-Norseman Railway Act 1906". www.legislation.wa.gov.au. Government of Western Australia. 14 December 1906. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
^ "Esperance Northwards Railway Act 1914". www.legislation.wa.gov.au. Government of Western Australia. 10 February 1915. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
^ "Wyalcatchem-Mount Marshall Railway (Extension No. 2) Act 1922". www.legislation.wa.gov.au. Government of Western Australia. 30 December 1922. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
^ "Norseman-Salmon Gums Railway Act 1924". www.legislation.wa.gov.au. Government of Western Australia. 31 December 1924. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
^ "Lake Lefroy (Coolgardie-Esperance Wharf) Railway Act 1969". www.legislation.wa.gov.au. Government of Western Australia. 21 May 1969. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
^ Railway Digest October 2009, p17
^ "51 Kalgoorlie to Esperance Grade and Elevation: Elevation information". www.arcinfra.com. Arc Infrastructure. Retrieved 25 August 2024.