Evans was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from March 4, 1813, to March 3, 1815. After declining to seek reelection, he returned to his plantation. He later served in the South Carolina Senate from 1824 to 1832 and was the first president of the Fairfield Bible Society.
Evans died in Winnsboro, South Carolina, on March 8, 1843, and was initially interred at a private residence in Winnsboro. His burial site is now the Bethel A.R.P. Cemetery on North Vanderhorst Street, Winnsboro, SC.