C♯ (musical note)

For the programming language, see C Sharp (programming language).
{ \new Staff \with{ \magnifyStaff #3/2 } << \time 2/1 \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f { \clef bass cis1_C-sharp \clef treble cis' } >> }

C♯ (C-sharp) is a musical note lying a chromatic semitone above C and a diatonic semitone below D; it is the second semitone of the solfège. C-sharp is thus enharmonic to D♭. It is the second semitone in the French solfège and is known there as do dièse. In some European notations, it is known as Cis. In equal temperament it is also enharmonic with Bdouble sharp (B-double sharp/Hisis).

When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of C♯4 (the C♯ above middle C) is about 277.183 Hz.[1] See pitch (music) for a discussion of historical variations in frequency.

Designation by octave

Scientific designation Helmholtz designation Octave name Frequency (Hz)
C♯−1 C♯͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵C♯ or CCCC♯ Subsubcontra 8.662
C♯0 C♯͵͵ or ͵͵C♯ or CCC♯ Subcontra 17.324
C♯1 C♯͵ or ͵C♯ or CC♯ Contra 34.648
C♯2 C♯ Great 69.296
C♯3 c♯ Small 138.591
C♯4 c♯′ One-lined 277.183
C♯5 c♯′′ Two-lined 554.365
C♯6 c♯′′′ Three-lined 1108.731
C♯7 c♯′′′′ Four-lined 2217.461
C♯8 c♯′′′′′ Five-lined 4434.922
C♯9 c♯′′′′′′ Six-lined 8869.844
C♯10 c♯′′′′′′′ Seven-lined 17739.688

Scales

Common scales beginning on C♯

  • C♯ major: C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ natural minor: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B C♯
  • C♯ harmonic minor: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B♯ C♯
  • C♯ melodic minor ascending: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ melodic minor descending: C♯ B A G♯ F♯ E D♯ C♯

Diatonic scales

  • C♯ Ionian: C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ Dorian: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B C♯
  • C♯ Phrygian: C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A B C♯
  • C♯ Lydian: C♯ D♯ E♯ Fdouble sharp G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ Mixolydian: C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B C♯
  • C♯ Aeolian: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B C♯
  • C♯ Locrian: C♯ D E F♯ G A B C♯

Jazz melodic minor

References

  1. ^ Suits, B. H. (1998). "Physics of Music Notes - Scales: Just vs Equal Temperament". MTU.edu. Michigan Technological University. Retrieved 5 February 2024.

See also

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