Chondrodendron tomentosum is one of six accepted species [1] in the small genus Chondrodendron, belonging to the Moonseed family Menispermaceae.[2] It is a large tropical liana native to Central and South America.[3] It contains highly toxic alkaloids and is one of the sources of the arrow poisoncurare – specifically 'tube curare', the name of which is derived from the name of the medicinally valuable alkaloid tubocurarine.[4]
Derivation of scientific name
The generic name is a compound of Greek χόνδρος ( chondros ) 'cartilage' / 'lump' / 'grain' and δένδρον ( dendron ) 'tree' – hence 'lumpy / gristly tree', while the specific name consists of the Latin adjectival form tomentosum 'covered in matted hairs'. The binomial in its entirety thus conveys the image of a rather large coarse plant.[5]
Description
Chondrodendron tomentosum is a woody climbing plant with stems that can reach 10 cm in thickness at the base and which can climb up to 30 metres into the rainforest canopy. The large, glossy, cordate leaves are densely clothed beneath with a silky white pubescence, from which it gets its common name 'Velvet Leaf'.[6]
^Thomas B. Croat, Flora of Barro Colorado Island, p. 393
^Bernard, C. (1856). "Analyse physiologique des propriétés des actions de curare et de la nicotine sur les systèmes musculaires et nerveux au moyen du curare". Compt. Rend. 43: 305–319.
^Quattrocchi, Umberto (2012). CRC World dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms and etymology. Vol.II C-D pps. 235-6. CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group.
