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Checheng

This article is about the township in Pingtung County, Taiwan; not to be confused with Checheng, Shuili, Nantou County, Taiwan (site of Checheng Station) or Checheng Township in Ji County, Shanxi, China.

22°04′47″N 120°44′45″E / 22.079754°N 120.745727°E / 22.079754; 120.745727

Checheng Township
車城鄉
Chai-cheng
Rural township
Checheng Township in Pingtung County
Checheng Township in Pingtung County
LocationPingtung County, Taiwan
Area
 • Total
50 km2 (19 sq mi)
Population
 (February 2024)
 • Total
8,002
 • Density160/km2 (410/sq mi)
Checheng Township
Traditional Chinese車城鄉
Hanyu PinyinChēchéng Xiāng
Wade–GilesCh'e1-ch'eng2 Hsiang1
Pha̍k-fa-sṳTshâ-sàng-hiông
Hokkien POJChha-siâⁿ-hiong/Chhia-siâⁿ-hiong
Checheng Township Office

Checheng Township[1] is a rural township in Pingtung County, Taiwan.[2]

Names and etymology

The name of the town Checheng (Chinese: 車城; pinyin: Chēchéng) combines the Chinese character for "cart", 車 today used to refer to cars and other motorized transport, and 城 which is used in words for walled fortresses and cities, but which in the Taiwanese historical context refers to a town with an earthen security berm.

With the arrival of ethnic Chinese on Taiwan, the native Paiwan name of Kabeyawan was transliterated as Ku-piah-oan (龜壁灣) in the Taiwanese Hokkien language of these new settlers.[3] Following the period of Dutch rule in the 17th century, the name Thóng-léng-po͘ (統領埔; Hakka: Thúng-liâng-phû) was used after Koxinga's son and successor Zheng Jing stationed troops there under a tongling  [zh] (統領),[3] a military officer with rank roughly equal to a battalion commander; The suffix po͘ (埔) is often used for place names in Taiwan. A village gradually grew up in the area.[3]

A portion of an 1870 map of Taiwan showing the Hengchun Peninsula with Checheng marked as "Chasiang"

After the Manchu Qing Dynasty assumed control of the lowlands of western Taiwan, ethnic Chinese settlers wanted protection from aboriginal attacks.[3] A wooden palisade was built around the town giving rise to a new name, Chhâ-siâⁿ (柴城; Hakka: Tshài-sàng),[3] using the character 柴 (chhâ) which is the Hokkien word for "wood". Thus Chhâ-siâⁿ has roughly the meaning of "stockade".

In 1788, the fifty-third year of the Qianlong Emperor's rule, Manchu general Fuk'anggan landed his army in the area to suppress the Lin Shuangwen rebellion.[3] In commemoration, the town received yet another name Hok-an-chng (福安庄; also Hok-an-siâⁿ [福安城]),[3] with 福 from Fuk'anggan's Chinese name and 安 for "pacified", plus 庄, meaning "hamlet".

The origin of the town's current name Checheng is disputed.[3] Some such as Japanese anthropologist Inō Kanori believe that it arose as a mispronunciation of Chhâ-siâⁿ (柴城);[3] the pronunciations of 柴 and 車 are similar in both Hokkien and Hakka, chhâ/chhia and tshài/tshâ respectively. Another theory is that as an aboriginal army approached the town, the inhabitants used dozens of oxcarts carrying charcoal to lined up as a defense.[3]

Today, Hokkien-speaking inhabitants continue to pronounce the name of the town with the older Chhâ-siâⁿ, though the written form is almost inevitably 車城. English-language maps and sources have historically used spellings such as Chasiang that reflect this pronunciation.

Geography

Area: 49.85 square kilometres (19.25 sq mi)
Population: 8,002 (February 2024)

Administrative divisions

The township comprises 11 villages: Baoli, Fuan, Fuxing, Haikou, Houwan, Puqi, Sheliao, Tianzhong, Tongpu, Wenquan and Xinjie.

Education

Tourist attractions

Notable natives

References

  1. ^ 臺灣地區鄉鎮市區級以上行政區域名稱中英對照表 Archived 2012-03-25 at the Wayback Machine Glossary of Names for Administrative Divisions. (in Chinese) Accessed at Taiwan Geographic Names Information System website Archived 2013-08-16 at the Wayback Machine (in English). Ministry of the Interior. 16 June 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  2. ^ "Attractions > Hot Spots > Pingtung County > National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium >". Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j 《歷史沿革》 ["History"] at 屏東縣車城鄉公所官方網站 [Checheng Township Government website]. Archived 2014-02-20 at the Wayback Machine.
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