Bowland Forest Low

Bowland Forest Low
Bowland Forest Low
Civil parish
	Browsholme Hall
	Bowland Forest Low Location in Ribble Valley Bowland Forest Low Location in the Forest of Bowland Bowland Forest Low Location within Lancashire
Area	18.0135 km2 (6.9551 sq mi)
Population	160 (2011 Census)
• Density	9/km2 (23/sq mi)
OS grid reference	SD675455
Civil parish	Bowland Forest Low;
District	Ribble Valley;
Shire county	Lancashire;
Region	North West;
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	CLITHEROE
Postcode district	BB7
Dialling code	01254/01200
Police	Lancashire
Fire	Lancashire
Ambulance	North West
UK Parliament	Ribble Valley;
	List of places UK England Lancashire 53°54′36″N 2°29′24″W / 53.910°N 2.490°W

Bowland Forest Low is a civil parish in the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England, covering some 5,500 acres (22 km²) of the Forest of Bowland. According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 168, falling to 160 at the 2011 Census.^[1] The parish includes the hamlets of Whitewell and Cow Ark. From northwards clockwise, it borders the civil parishes of Newton, Bashall Eaves, Aighton, Bailey and Chaigley, Bowland-with-Leagram and Bowland Forest High. Before 1974, it formed part of Bowland Rural District in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

History

Historic Bowland comprised a Royal Forest and a Liberty of ten manors spanning eight townships and four parishes and covered an area of almost 300 square miles (800 km²) on the historic borders of Lancashire and Yorkshire. The forest courts for the Forest of Bowland, the woodmote and swainmote, originally appear to have been held at Hall Hill near Radholme Laund before moving to Whitewell sometime in the 14th century.

Lower Lees, near Cow Ark, is believed to have been the centre of a medieval cattle farm (vaccary), although the extant buildings are of 1694 and later. They include Lower Lee House, which was extended in the early 18th- and early 19th centuries by a rear wing which now forms Lower Lees Farmhouse. An eight-bay barn, likely 18th century, albeit with no surviving internal fixtures, adjoins the houses.^[2]

For much of the 20th century, experts thought that the Lordship of Bowland belonged to the Crown. In 1938, the Duchy of Lancaster had acquired some 6,000 acres (24 km²) of the Forest of Bowland, now known as the Whitewell Estate, and it was believed the Lordship of Bowland had been acquired with it. In 2008, however, Charles Towneley Strachey, 4th Baron O'Hagan, claimed the title, after a researcher discovered that the 1938 purchase, while including mineral, sporting and forestry rights, specifically excluded the Lordship itself, which had been retained by an extinct Towneley family trust. Strachey then went on to auction the title,^[3] which was purchased by a Cambridge University don.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Geography

The Roman road known as Watling Street, which runs from Manchester via Ribchester to Carlisle, passes in a NNE direction through the parish.

The River Hodder flows along the western and southern borders of the parish, and south of Burholme bridge, anciently formed the Lancashire – Yorkshire border.

East of the Hodder is a low-lying area known as the Lees. Nearby, higher up, are Browsholme Moor and Burholme Moor.^[8]

Governance

The civil parish of Bowland Forst Low was created from the township (in the ancient parish of Whalley) with the same name in 1866. In 1938, two geographically non-contiguous areas, called Harrop and Countess Flat where transferred to Grindleton and Slaidburn.^[9]

TD Whitaker writing in 1818 states: Harrop, Countess Flat, near Slaidburn, part of Burholme, and Browsholme, are within the parish of Whalley; and the same part of Burholme, with Browsholme and Little Bowland, constitute the Chapelry of Whitewell.^[10]

Along with Slaidburn, Newton, Easington and Bolton-by-Bowland, the parish forms the Bowland, Newton and Slaidburn ward of Ribble Valley Borough Council. ^[11]^[12]