Beta1-adrenergic agonist
β1 -Adrenergic receptor agonists , also known as beta-1 agonists , are a class of drugs that bind selectively to the β1 -adrenergic receptor . As a result, they act more selectively upon the heart . β-Adrenoceptors typically bind to norepinephrine release by sympathetic adrenergic nerves and to circulating epinephrine . The effect of β-adrenoceptors is cardiac stimulation , such as increased heart rate , heart contractility , heart conduction velocity, and heart relaxation.[ 1]
Examples
Examples include:
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors , like atomoxetine , methylphenidate , and cocaine , as well as norepinephrine releasing agents , like amphetamine , ephedrine , pseudoephedrine , and phenylpropanolamine , indirectly activate β1 -adrenergic receptors (as well as other adrenergic receptors) by increasing norepinephrine and/or epinephrine levels.[ 4] [ 4]
References
^ Sakuma, Tsutomu; Hida, Mieko; Nambu, Yoshihiro; Osanai, Kazuhiro; Toga, Hirohisa; Takahashi, Keiji; Ohya, Nobuo; Inoue, Masao; Watanabe, Yoh (2001). "Beta1-Adrenergic Agonist Is a Potent Stimulator of Alveolar Fluid Clearance in Hyperoxic Rat Lungs" . The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology . 85 (2): 161– 166. doi :10.1254/jjp.85.161 ISSN 0021-5198 . PMID 11286398 . ^ Sakuma T, Hida M, Nambu Y, et al. (February 2001). "Beta1-adrenergic agonist is a potent stimulator of alveolar fluid clearance in hyperoxic rat lungs" . Jpn. J. Pharmacol . 85 (2): 161– 6. doi :10.1254/jjp.85.161 PMID 11286398 . ^ Nishio R, Matsumori A, Shioi T, et al. (September 1998). "Denopamine, a beta1-adrenergic agonist, prolongs survival in a murine model of congestive heart failure induced by viral myocarditis: suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in the heart". J. Am. Coll. Cardiol . 32 (3): 808– 15. doi :10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00314-3 . hdl :2433/181223 PMID 9741531 . ^ a b Biaggioni, I., & Robertson, D. (2018). Adrenoceptor Agonists & Sympathomimetic Drugs. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition, 137–155. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=8160024720742860204
α1
Agonists Antagonists
Abanoquil Ajmalicine Alfuzosin Anisodamine Anisodine Atiprosin Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., brexpiprazole , clozapine , olanzapine , quetiapine , risperidone )Benoxathian Beta blockers (e.g., adimolol , amosulalol , arotinolol , carvedilol , eugenodilol , labetalol )Buflomedil Bunazosin Corynanthine Dapiprazole Domesticine Doxazosin Ergolines (e.g., acetergamine , ergotamine , dihydroergotamine , lisuride , nicergoline , terguride )Etoperidone Fenspiride Hydroxyzine Indoramin Ketanserin L-765,314 mCPP Mepiprazole Metazosin Monatepil Moxisylyte Naftopidil Nantenine Neldazosin Niaprazine Niguldipine Pardoprunox Pelanserin Perlapine Phendioxan Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine Phenylpiperazine antidepressants (e.g., hydroxynefazodone , nefazodone , trazodone , triazoledione )Piperoxan Prazosin Quinazosin Quinidine Silodosin Spegatrine Spiperone Talipexole Tamsulosin Terazosin Tiodazosin Tolazoline Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , maprotiline , mianserin )Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline , clomipramine , doxepin , imipramine , trimipramine )Trimazosin Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , fluphenazine , loxapine , thioridazine )Urapidil WB-4101 Zolertine
α2
Agonists Antagonists
1-PP Adimolol Amesergide Aptazapine Atipamezole Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., asenapine , brexpiprazole , clozapine , lurasidone , olanzapine , paliperidone , quetiapine , risperidone , zotepine )Azapirones (e.g., buspirone , gepirone , ipsapirone , tandospirone )BRL-44408 Buflomedil Cirazoline Efaroxan Esmirtazapine Fenmetozole Fluparoxan Idazoxan Ketanserin Lisuride mCPP Mianserin Mirtazapine NAN-190 Pardoprunox Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine Piperoxan Piribedil Rauwolscine Rotigotine Setiptiline Spegatrine Spiroxatrine Sunepitron Terguride Tolazoline Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , fluphenazine , loxapine , thioridazine )Yohimbine
β
