Bank of Australasia

Bank of Australasia
Company type	Bank
Industry	financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding
Founded	1834
Defunct	1951
Fate	Merged with the Union Bank of Australia to form the Australia and New Zealand Bank
Headquarters	Melbourne, Victoria
Area served	Australia

The Bank of Australasia was an Australian bank in operation from 1835 to 1951.^[1]

Headquartered in London, the bank was incorporated by royal charter in March 1834. It had initially been planned to additionally include first South Africa and then Ceylon in the bank's operations; however, both these moves were blocked by the Lords of the Treasury. Its first branch opened in Sydney on 14 December 1835, followed by branches in Hobart and Launceston on 1 January 1836, in the latter city by taking over the former Cornwall Bank. A Melbourne branch opened on 28 August 1838^[2] and an Adelaide branch on 14 January 1839. It opened a Perth branch in May 1841 when it absorbed the original Bank of Western Australia; however, the branch was closed in 1844 and the bank would not reopen in that city until 1894. It suffered financial difficulties during the 1840s depression, in part because of a controversial loan to the failing Bank of Australia which resulted in significant litigation.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Having opened a Geelong branch in 1846, it rapidly expanded throughout Victoria during the Victorian gold rush, with branches in Ballarat, Castlemaine, Williamstown, Portland, Warrnambool and Port Fairy opening in 1853-54 and Bendigo and Beechworth branches soon after.^[6] It decided upon a New Zealand expansion in 1863, opening in Auckland, Christchurch and Dunedin in 1864 and Wellington in 1866.^[3]^[7] A grand headquarters was built on Collins Street in the heart of Melbourne's financial district in 1875–76. The bank survived the Australian banking crisis of 1893, which resulted in the collapse of a number of its competitors.^[5] Its reopening in Western Australia following the discovery of gold in 1893 saw branches in Fremantle, Coolgardie and Cue in 1894 and Menzies and Kalgoorlie in 1895.^[8]

It merged with the Union Bank of Australia to form the Australia and New Zealand Bank on 1 October 1951.^[9]

Historic former branches

A number of the bank's former branches are now heritage-listed. These include:

the former Bank of Australasia Headquarters in the Melbourne CBD
the former George Street, Sydney branch
the former Ipswich, Queensland branch
the former Castlemaine, Victoria branch
the former Chiltern, Victoria branch
the former Port Fairy, Victoria branch
the former Williamstown, Victoria branch
the former Port Adelaide, South Australia branch
the former Robe, South Australia branch
the former Fremantle, Western Australia branch

References

^ "Bank of Australasia (1835 - 1951)". Guide to Australian Business Records. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
^ Boys, Robert Douglas (1959), First years at Port Phillip 1834-1842, Melbourne, Robertson & Mullins, p.83
^ ^a ^b "THE BANK OF AUSTRALASIA". Traralgon Record. No. 330. Victoria, Australia. 8 May 1888. p. 3 (morning.). Retrieved 25 November 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
^ "BANK OF AUSTRALASIA". Leader. Victoria, Australia. 1 January 1901. p. 74. Retrieved 25 November 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
^ ^a ^b "Pioneers of Finance". The Critic. South Australia. 13 May 1908. p. 5. Retrieved 25 November 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
^ "THE BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS OF AUSTRALASIA". Devon Herald. Vol. X, no. 2065. Tasmania, Australia. 13 November 1888. p. 3. Retrieved 25 November 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
^ "BANKS' MERCER". The Beverley Times. Vol. 45, no. 2556. Western Australia. 12 October 1951. p. 6. Retrieved 25 November 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
^ "The Bank of Australasia in Western Australia". Sterling and Currency. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
^ "TWO BANKS IN MERGER". The Grenfell Record and Lachlan District Advertiser. Vol. 84, no. 151. New South Wales, Australia. 4 October 1951. p. 6. Retrieved 25 November 2018 – via National Library of Australia.