Attulus distinguendus

Attulus distinguendus
Siberian morph
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Salticidae
Subfamily: Salticinae
Genus: Attulus
Species:
A. distinguendus
Binomial name
Attulus distinguendus
(Simon, 1868)
Synonyms[1]
  • Attus cinereus Westring, 1861 (invalid; preoccupied by Walckenaer, 1837)
  • Euophrys cinerea (Westring, 1861) (invalid)
  • Attulus cinereus (Westring, 1861) (invalid)
  • Attus distinguendus Simon, 1868
  • Attulus distinguendus (Simon, 1868)
  • Sitticus distinguendus (Simon, 1868)
  • Attus helveolus Simon, 1871 (replacement name for Attus cinereus)
  • Attulus helveolus (Simon, 1871)
  • Sitticus helveolus (Simon, 1871)
  • Attus histrio Simon, 1875
  • Attulus histrio (Simon, 1875)
  • Attus psammodes Thorell, 1875
  • Sitticus psammodes (Thorell, 1875)
  • Attus solaris Menge, 1877
  • Attus ruficarpus Simon, 1884
  • Attulus ruficarpus (Simon, 1884)
  • Sitticus numeratus Bösenberg & Strand, 1906
  • Sitticus paraviduus Schenkel, 1963

Attulus distinguendus, also called the distinguished jumper spider,[2] is a species of spider in the family Salticidae, the jumping spiders. Until 2017, it was placed in the genus Sitticus. It inhabits central and western Europe, the Palaearctic region, and eastern Asia.

Description

The spider has four forward-facing eyes (two small ones on the sides, two large ones in the middle).[3] Jumping spiders have good vision, second only to cephalopods among invertebrates.[4] The species are grey coloured with brown dots.[5]

Taxonomy

In 1889, Eugène Simon separated the genus Attulus from the genus Attus. Simon gave Attus cinereus Westring, 1861 as the type of the genus. However, this name had already been used by Walckenaer in 1837 for a different species, so Simon's 1871 replacement name Attus helveolus is used instead. A. helveolus is now regarded as the same species as Attus distinguendus, described by Simon in 1868, so having priority as a name. Thus Attulus distinguendus (under the original name Attus distinguendus) is the type of the genus.[1]

Distribution

The species has a Palearctic distribution. It is found in only two UK regions: North Kent, and South Essex. The species can also be found in countries like: Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, Romania and the Netherlands.[6] The species have also been recorded from Japan, the city of Shanxi and the South Yakutia.[7]

Ecology and habitat

The species prefers dry climate with a limited amount of vegetation. It lives in cement and stony clinker, and can be found in pulverised fuel ash as well. The spider feed in areas with a high salt concentration, which it finds on halophytic plants such as Salicornia.[8]

Threat level

The species are considered to be endangered in the Czech Republic, Norway, and in Flanders, Belgium. The species gained vulnerable status in Poland. The species are almost wiped out in Serbia.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b "Taxon details Attulus distinguendus (Simon, 1868)", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 25 August 2020
  2. ^ Name Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  3. ^ Facial description Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  4. ^ "Distinguished jumping spider". Buglife. Archived from the original on 5 June 2009. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  5. ^ "Picture: Sitticus distinguendus female". British Bugs. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  6. ^ a b "Summary for Sitticus distinguendus (Araneae)". British Bugs. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  7. ^ "Species Account for Sitticus distinguendus". The Essex Field Club. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  8. ^ Habitat Retrieved 8 July 2024.

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