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Aalma ash-Shaab

علما الشعب
'Alma ash Sha'b
Aalma ash-Shaab علما الشعب 'Alma ash Sha'b
Municipality
	Aalma ash-Shaab
	Coordinates: 33°06′14″N 35°10′58″E / 33.10389°N 35.18278°E
Grid position	167/278 PAL
Country	Lebanon
Governorate	South Governorate
District	Tyre
Highest elevation	1,250 ft (380 m)
Population (2015)
• Total	1,080
Time zone	GMT +3

Aalma ash-Shaab (Arabic: علما الشعب) is a municipality in the Tyre District, in Southern Lebanon.

Etymology

According to E. H. Palmer, ’Alma means "a coat of mail"; while Shảub means "mountain spurs".^[2] According to Dr. Anis Freyha in his book " A Dictionary of the Names of Towns and Villages in Lebanon" 2nd edition 1985, page 117, he mentions that the root of the name is Semitic (עלם) and could mean "the hidden" or sexual maturity, the same in Phoenicians and Aramaic.

History

In 1875, during the late Ottoman period, Victor Guérin found here a village with 350 inhabitants, mostly Greek catholics, or Maronite.^[3]

In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it: “A large Christian village, containing about 500 inhabitants. The houses are clean and well built. There are two chapels, and the place seems increasing in size. It is situated on a ridge, with figs, olives, and pomegranates and arable land around. To the east and north the land is covered with brushwood. There is a spring within reach, and about thirty rock-cut cisterns in the village.”^[4]

Modern era

In 2009, there were 400 members of the Saint-Élie parish of the Melkite Church in the village.^[5]

Since the beginning of the Hamas–Israel war on October 7, 2023, Shia Islamist group Hezbollah has joined the conflict by launching rocket and drone attacks on the occupied Shebaa farms and Israel from areas in southern Lebanon. As a result, at least 800 residents have fled the village out of fear of getting caught in the crossfire, leaving only about 100 remaining. Israel has conducted retaliatory strikes targeting "Hezbollah infrastructure", which according to the deputy mayor, destroyed several structures in the village.^[6]

Demographics

In 2014 Christians made up 98.06% of registered voters in Aalma ash-Shaab. 42.62% of the voters were Maronite Catholics and 39.19% were Greek Catholics.^[7]

Climate

Climate data for Aalma ash-Shaab, elevation 385 m (1,263 ft)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	15.8 (60.4)	16.1 (61.0)	18.8 (65.8)	21.7 (71.1)	25.6 (78.1)	28.2 (82.8)	29.5 (85.1)	30.6 (87.1)	28.5 (83.3)	26.5 (79.7)	22.7 (72.9)	18.3 (64.9)	23.5 (74.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)	12.1 (53.8)	12.5 (54.5)	14.3 (57.7)	16.6 (61.9)	20.2 (68.4)	22.7 (72.9)	24.1 (75.4)	25.5 (77.9)	23.7 (74.7)	21.7 (71.1)	18.2 (64.8)	14.6 (58.3)	18.8 (66.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	9.5 (49.1)	9.6 (49.3)	10.3 (50.5)	12.3 (54.1)	15.3 (59.5)	17.6 (63.7)	19.2 (66.6)	21.0 (69.8)	19.8 (67.6)	18.1 (64.6)	14.8 (58.6)	11.8 (53.2)	14.9 (58.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	186 (7.3)	158 (6.2)	70 (2.8)	32 (1.3)	10 (0.4)	1 (0.0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	4 (0.2)	31 (1.2)	73 (2.9)	184 (7.2)	749 (29.5)
Source: FAO^[8]