5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole synthase

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole synthase (EC 1.14.99.40, BluB) is an enzyme with systematic name FMNH₂ oxidoreductase (5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole forming).^[1]^[2]^[3] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

FMNH₂ + NADH + H⁺ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + NAD⁺ + other product

The C-2 of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole is derived from C-1' of the ribityl group of FMNH₂ and 2-H from the ribityl 1'-pro-S hydrogen. This enzyme is part of the biosynthetic pathway to cobalamin (vitamin B₁₂) in bacteria.

References

^ Gray MJ, Escalante-Semerena JC (February 2007). "Single-enzyme conversion of FMNH2 to 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole, the lower ligand of B12". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104 (8): 2921–6. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104.2921G. doi:10.1073/pnas.0609270104. PMC 1815282. PMID 17301238.
^ Ealick SE, Begley TP (March 2007). "Biochemistry: molecular cannibalism". Nature. 446 (7134): 387–8. Bibcode:2007Natur.446..387E. doi:10.1038/446387a. PMID 17377573.
^ Taga ME, Larsen NA, Howard-Jones AR, Walsh CT, Walker GC (March 2007). "BluB cannibalizes flavin to form the lower ligand of vitamin B12". Nature. 446 (7134): 449–53. Bibcode:2007Natur.446..449T. doi:10.1038/nature05611. PMC 2770582. PMID 17377583.

External links

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole+synthase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

v t e Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)
1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase HIF prolyl-hydroxylase EGLN1 EGLN2 EGLN3 P4HTM Lysyl hydroxylase AlkB ALKBH1 FTO
1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 14α-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase
1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1
1.14.15: reduced iron–sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1
1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase
1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase
1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2 Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase Deoxyhypusine monooxygenase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

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