The 2016–17 season was Al-Ahli's 41st consecutive season in the top flight of Saudi football and 79th year in existence as a football club. The club started the season facing Al-Hilal in the Saudi Super Cup, winning the game on penalties. As well as this, the club also competed in the Pro League, the AFC Champions League, and the two domestic cups, the Crown Prince Cup and the King Cup. They entered the season as defending champions of both the League and King Cup.
Al-Ahli preceded their 2016-17 campaign with a friendly against Jeddah Club, a tour of Spain and Qatar and faced Barcelona in the Qatar Airways Cup midway through the season.
Updated to match(es) played on 4 May 2017. Source: slstat.com Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Total goal difference; 5) Total goals scored; 6) Play-off (only for deciding champion, relegation and AFC competitions participation).[43] (C) Champions Notes:
^ abAl-Nassr finished ahead of Al-Ittihad on head-to-head points: Al-Ittihad 0–1 Al-Nassr, Al-Nassr 1–1 Al-Ittihad
^Al-Ittihad were docked 3 points for failing to pay over debts.[42]
As one of last year's finalists, Al-Ahli received a bye to the second round of the Crown Prince Cup. Al-Ahli started off their campaign by beating Al-Faisaly 2-1 at home, Al-Ahli came from behind and scored twice from the penalty spot through Omar Al Somah.
Al-Ahli were drawn away at Hajer for the quarter-finals. The game was played on 25 October 2016. The Royals won 6-1 with Omar Al-Somah scoring a hat-trick.
For the semi-finals Al-Ahli were drawn away at local rivals Al-Ittihad. The game was played on 27 December 2016. Al-Ahli lost 3-2 and were eliminated from the competition.
As league winners, Al-Ahli entered the AFC Champions League at the group stage. The draw took place on 13 December 2016 and saw Al-Ahli paired with Hazfi Cup winners Zob Ahan, UAE Pro League and 2016 AFC Champions League runners-up Al Ain, and Uzbek League runners-up Bunyodkor.