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2004 Roanoke tornado
	The tornado hitting the Parsons plant (Scott Smith via NWS)
Meteorological history
Formed	July 13, 2004 c. 2:30 pm CDT
F4 tornado
	on the Fujita scale
Overall effects
Injuries	3
Areas affected	Roanoke, Illinois
	Part of the tornado outbreaks of 2004

On July 13, 2004, a powerful F4 tornado formed outside of Roanoke, a small town in central Illinois. It is best known for the numerous videos and pictures taken of it as well as the complete destruction of the Parsons Manufacturing plant. Despite the damage, there were only three minor injuries and no fatalities. It was one of six tornadoes to touch down on July 13, 2004.

Description

On Tuesday, July 13, 2004, at about 2:30 p.m., a tornado with a maximum reported width of a one-quarter mile (0.40 km) struck west of the village of Roanoke, damaging much of the area and cutting power to the main town of Roanoke for three days. Based on the extreme damage, the tornado was classified as a violent F4 on the Fujita scale by the National Weather Service.^[1] The tornado started approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km) north of Metamora, located eight miles (13 km) west of Roanoke, and lifted approximately 2.5 miles (4.0 km) southeast of Roanoke. The tornado moved roughly southeasterly for a distance of 9.6 miles (15.4 kilometers) over about 25 minutes.^[1]

Damage

The worst damage occurred at the Parsons Company manufacturing plant, a parts supplier for Caterpillar Inc., which was leveled, losing its roof and outer walls.^[2] Although about 140 people were inside the building when the tornado struck, there were no fatalities and only a few minor injuries. This was attributed to preparations made during the construction of the plant and spotter training given to some of the workers.^[3] Although no tornado sirens were heard at the plant before the tornado struck, an alarm sounded by one of the spotters allowed all the workers to move to storm shelters and ride out the storm.^[3]

Large steel beams from the Parsons plant were blown approximately 3⁄4-mile (1.2 km) away, and many of the employees' cars tossed into nearby cornfields. Three neighboring farmsteads were completely swept away, with only debris remaining in the basements. Trees were debarked, and farm machinery was thrown and mangled.^[1]

Aftermath & impact

The storm was an example of how structural planning, storm spotting, and awareness techniques can be used by companies. The plant owner's decision to include storm shelters in the building's design likely saved the lives of many employees.^[3] Just as important, the early notice provided by the company storm-spotters allowed employees to reach the shelters before the storm struck.^[1] The Parsons plant reopened in April 2005 with seven tornado shelters, five more than the original plant.

Two local residents chased the tornado for much of its 23-minute duration. They produced a half-hour-long video that was sold in the Peoria area to help raise funds for employees of the Parsons plant, most of whom had lost their cars and were either underinsured or not insured.

The Roanoke tornado was the most significant tornado of a small tornado outbreak which transitioned into a destructive derecho over an extensive area of the Ohio and Tennessee Valleys extending to the Gulf of Mexico. The outbreak produced three other tornadoes, all rated F0. The Roanoke 2004 Tornado was featured on The Weather Channel's Storm Stories and Full Force Nature.^[4]

The Parsons plant would come very close to being destroyed again during the Washington, IL Tornado on November 17, 2013, however, that tornado passed just northwest of the plant.^[5]