1939 Kincardineshire and Western Aberdeenshire by-election

A 1939 parliamentary by-election was held on 30 March 1939 for the British House of Commons constituency of Kincardine and Western Aberdeenshire.

Vacancy

The Unionist MP for the constituency, Sir Malcolm Barclay-Harvey was appointed by the Prime Minister as Governor of South Australia, whereupon he resigned from the House of Commons on 8 March.^[1]

Electoral history

The seat was created in 1918 and thereafter became a Unionist/Liberal marginal. The Labour Party had never fielded a candidate. Barclay-Harvey gained it from the Liberals in 1923, lost it to the Liberals in 1929 and won it back again in 1931. The seat was held at the last election with a reduced majority;

General election 1935: Kincardine & Western Aberdeenshire ^[2]^[3] Electorate 29,528
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	Malcolm Barclay-Harvey	12,477	55.9	−5.7
	Liberal	Arthur Irvine	9,841	44.1	+5.7
Majority			2,636	11.8	−11.4
Turnout			22,318	75.6	−5.0
	Unionist hold		Swing

Candidates

Thirty-six-year-old Colin Thornton-Kemsley was chosen as the Unionist candidate to defend the seat. He was the Honorary Treasurer of Essex and Middlesex Provincial Area, National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations. He was educated at Chigwell School, and Wadham College, Oxford. He was a party member in Epping constituency and had made a name for himself in Conservative Party circles as a Neville Chamberlain loyalist who was central to bringing about a censure of Winston Churchill by the Epping Conservative Association. He had no previous links with Scotland.
The Liberal Party challenger was 30-year-old Arthur Irvine, who had fought this seat at the last election. Irvine was educated at Edinburgh Academy and Oriel College, Oxford, where he was president of the Oxford Union in 1932. He became a barrister in 1935, when he was called by Middle Temple, and became secretary to the Lord Chief Justice in 1935.

Campaign

According to the return of election expenses, the Unionists spent £835 10s 7d on their campaign and the Liberals £652 5s 8d.^[4]

Result

Thornton-Kemsley held the seat with a further reduced majority.

**1939 Kincardineshire and West Aberdeenshire by-election**^[5] Electorate
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	Colin Thornton-Kemsley	11,111	52.7	−3.2
	Liberal	Arthur Irvine	9,990	47.3	+3.2
Majority			121	5.4	−6.4
Turnout			21,101	71.4	−4.2
	Unionist hold		Swing	-3.2

Aftermath

In the 1945 general election, there was a further small swing to the Liberals but Thornton-Kemsley hung on again against a new Liberal challenger;

General election 1945 Electorate 30,901
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	Colin Thornton-Kemsley	10,932	51.5	−1.2
	Liberal	John Junor	10,290	48.5	+1.2
Majority			642	3.0	−2.4
Turnout			21,222	68.7	−2.7
	Unionist hold		Swing	-1.2

Irvine left the Liberal Party and joined the Labour Party, being defeated in 1945 at Twickenham. Junor became a well-known journalist, and after standing for the Liberals on a further two occasions he left the party and quickly gravitated towards the reactionary right wing of the Conservative Party.^[6]

References

^ Department of Information Services (9 June 2009). "Appointments to the Chiltern Hundreds and Manor of Northstead Stewardships since 1850" (PDF). House of Commons Library. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 February 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2009.
^ "Kincardine ByElection. Unionist wins seat. Mr Thornton Kemsley on his victory". The Glasgow Herald. 1 April 1939. p. 7. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
^ Whitaker's Almanack, 1939
^ Aberdeen Journal, 11 May 1939
^ Whitaker's Almanack, 1944
^ "Sir John Junor", The Times, 5 May 1997, p. 23.

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1936	January: Combined Scottish Universities February: Ross and Cromarty March: Dunbartonshire Llanelli May: Peckham June: Lewes July: Derby Balham and Tooting East Grinstead October: Birmingham Erdington November: Clay Cross Preston Greenock
1937	February: St Pancras North Manchester Gorton Oxford University Richmond-upon-Thames March: Combined English Universities Tonbridge Farnham April: Stalybridge and Hyde Wandsworth Central Birmingham West May: York June: Glasgow Hillhead Buckingham Plymouth Drake Cheltenham Hemel Hempstead Holland with Boston Bewdley Ilford St Ives July: Kingston-upon-Thames Chertsey North Dorset September: Glasgow Springburn October: Islington North November: Hastings
1938	January: Farnworth February: Pontypridd Ipswich Combined Scottish Universities April: City of London Fulham West May: Lichfield Aylesbury June: West Derbyshire Stafford Barnsley July: Willesden East October: Oxford November: Dartford Walsall Bridgwater Doncaster Lewisham West Fylde December: Kinross and Western Perthshire
1939	January: East Norfolk February: Holderness Ripon March: Batley and Morley Kincardineshire and Western Aberdeenshire April: South Ayrshire May: Down Sheffield Hallam Westminster Abbey Birmingham Aston Southwark North Kennington July: Caerphilly Portsmouth South North Cornwall Hythe Monmouth Colne Valley August: Brecon and Radnorshire October: Fareham High Peak Clackmannanshire and East Stirlingshire Ormskirk Ashton-under-Lyne November: Macclesfield December: Streatham Stretford Wells
1940	February: Southampton City of London Swansea East Belfast East Southwark Central Silvertown Cambridge University March: Kettering City of Chester Leeds North East April: Argyllshire Lonsdale Battersea North Glasgow Pollok May: Brighton East Renfrewshire Middleton and Prestwich June: Spen Valley Newcastle North Bow and Bromley Croydon North Wandsworth Central Bournemouth July: Newcastle West Montrose Burghs Nottingham Central Rochdale Wansbeck August: Middlesbrough West Mitcham Heywood and Radcliffe September: Bolton Manchester Exchange Preston November: Queen's University of Belfast Aldershot Southampton December: Northampton Birmingham Edgbaston
1941	February: Doncaster South Dorset Petersfield Dunbartonshire March: Hitchin Bodmin Carmarthen April: Great Yarmouth West Bromwich Mansfield May: Birmingham King's Norton Hornsey June: West Dorset July: Greenock Edinburgh West Dudley Pontefract August: Berwick-upon-Tweed September: Scarborough and Whitby The Wrekin October: Lancaster November: Brighton Hampstead December: Harrow Edinburgh Central
1942	February: North East Derbyshire Keighley March: Nuneaton Manchester Gorton Newcastle-under-Lyme Wigan Grantham April: Tavistock Cardiff East Glasgow Cathcart Wallasey Rugby May: Putney Chichester June: Llandaff and Barry Maldon Windsor July: Salisbury Spennymoor August: Rothwell Whitechapel and St Georges Poplar South Sheffield Park October: Manchester Clayton Ince
1943	January: Hamilton University of Wales February: Belfast West Ashford Antrim Midlothian and Peebles King's Lynn Portsmouth North Bristol Central Watford April: Buckingham Eddisbury Daventry June: The Hartlepools Newark Birmingham Aston July: Burton-on-Trent August: Chippenham October: St Albans Peterborough November: Woolwich West December: Consett Darwen Acton
1944	January: Skipton February: Brighton West Derbyshire Kirkcaldy Burghs Sheffield Attercliffe Bury St Edmunds March: Camberwell North April: Clay Cross July: Manchester Rusholme September: Bilston October: Chelsea Berwick-upon-Tweed
1945	April: Motherwell Combined Scottish Universities Chelmsford Caernarvon Boroughs May: Middlesbrough West Neath Newport
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