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Decades:	1910s; 1920s; 1930s; 1940s; 1950s;
See also:	Other events of 1930; History of Japan • Timeline • Years

Events in the year 1930 in Japan. It corresponds to Shōwa 5 (昭和5年) in the Japanese calendar.

Incumbents

January 1 – The Ministry of Rail adopts the metric system for all of Japan's railways.
February 4 – Prince Takamatsu marries Kikuko Tokugawa.
February 20 – 1930 Japanese general election: The Rikken Minseitō party, led by Prime Minister Osachi Hamaguchi, won an overall majority in the House of Representatives. Voter turnout was 83.34%.
May 5 – Iwatani Industry has founded in Osaka. (As predecessor name was Iwatani Naoji Shoten) ^{[page needed]}
May 24–27 – 1930 Far Eastern Games held in Tokyo.^[2]
October 27–December – Wushe Incident
November 14 – Prime Minister Osachi Hamaguchi is shot inside Tokyo Station by Tomeo Sagoya in a failed assassination attempt. The wounds kept Hamaguchi hospitalized for several months.
November 18 – the Buddhist religious movement Soka Gakkai is formed by educator Tsunesaburō Makiguchi.
December 21 – The First Gōdō Bank and Sanyō Bank were merged, that became name for Okayama Chūgoku Bank.^{[citation needed]}
Unknown date
- According to All Japan Pachinko Association confirmed report, first standards pachinko parlor open in Nagoya.^{[page needed]}
- NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories was founded^[3]

January 12 – Minoru Makihara, businessman and CEO of Mitsubishi Corporation (d. 2020)
January 15 – Michiyo Aratama, actress (d. 2001)
January 16 – Shōmei Tōmatsu, photographer (d. 2012)
January 18 – Shōgorō Nishimura, film director (d. 2017)
January 20 – Sadateru Arikawa, aikido teacher (d. 2003)
January 29 – Norio Ohga, businessman and CEO of Sony (d. 2011)
January 30 – Osamu Suzuki, businessman and CEO of Suzuki (d. 2024)
April 23 – Shun Akiyama, literary critic (d. 2013)
April 24 – Yumi Katsura, wedding fashion designer (d. 2024)
April 29 – Kyōko Kishida, actress (d. 2006)
May 20 – Yasushi Nagao, Pulitzer Prize-winning press photographer (d. 2009)
June 3 – Ben Wada, television director (d. 2011)
June 15 – Ikuo Hirayama, painter (d. 2009)
June 29 – Sachiko Hidari, actress (d. 2001)
July 3 – Kinji Fukasaku, film director (d. 2003)
August 1 – Satoru Kobayashi, film director (d. 2001)
September 12 – Akira Suzuki, chemist
October 8 – Tōru Takemitsu, composer (d. 1996)
October 10 – Akiyuki Nosaka, novelist, singer and politician (d. 2015)
October 12 – Keiichi Komura, boxer (d. 2023)^{[citation needed]}
November 10 – Michiya Mihashi, enka singer (d. 1996)
November 11 – Minako Oba, enka author and social critic (d. 2007)
December 10 – Yukio Koshimori, politician (d. 2005)
December 17 – Makoto Moroi, composer (d. 2013)^[4]
December 30 – Takeshi Kaikō, author (d. 1989)