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Decades:	1900s; 1910s; 1920s; 1930s; 1940s;
See also:	Other events of 1923; History of Japan • Timeline • Years

Events in the year 1923 in Japan. It corresponds to Taishō 12 (大正12年) in the Japanese calendar.

Incumbents

Emperor: Taishō^[1]
Regent: Hirohito
Prime Minister:
- Katō Tomosaburō (until August 24)
- Yamamoto Gonnohyōe (from September 2)

Governors

Aichi Prefecture: Hikoji Kawaguchi (until 16 June); Masahiro Ota (starting 16 June)
Akita Prefecture: Masao Kishimoto
Aomori Prefecture: Yujiro Ozaki (until 25 October); Kazue Baba (starting 25 October)
Ehime Prefecture: Juunosuke Miyazaki
Fukui Prefecture: Josuke Shiraogawa
Fukushima Prefecture: Iwata Mamoru (until 25 October); Kosaka Masayasu (starting 25 October)
Gifu Prefecture: Manpei Ueda
Gunma Prefecture: Yamaoka Kunitoshi
Hiroshima Prefecture: Kamehiko Abe (until 25 October); Jiro Yamagata (starting 25 October)
Ibaraki Prefecture: Genjiro Moriya (until 25 October); Shohei Fujinuma (starting 25 October)
Iwate Prefecture: Ushidzuka Torataro
Kagawa Prefecture: Shuji Sasaki (until 25 October); Nakagawa Kenzo (starting 25 October)
Kanagawa Prefecture: Yasukouchi Asakichi
Kochi Prefecture: Toyoji Obata (until 25 October); Fujioka Hyoichi (starting 25 October)
Kumamoto Prefecture: Tadahiko Okada (until 12 October); Chisato Tanaka (starting 12 October)
Kyoto Prefecture: Tokikazu Ikematsu
Mie Prefecture: Saburo Shibata (until 25 October); Tago Ilman (starting 25 October)
Miyagi Prefecture: Yuichiro Chikaraishi
Miyazaki Prefecture: Muneyoshi Oshiba (until 25 October); Saito Munenori (starting 25 October)
Nagano Prefecture: Toshio Honma
Niigata Prefecture: Ota Masahiro (until 11 June); Ohara Sanarata (starting 11 June)
Okayama Prefecture: Masao Kishimoto
Okinawa Prefecture: Jyun Wada (until 25 October); Ki Iwamoto (starting 25 October)
Saga Prefecture: Tominaga
Saitama Prefecture: Horiuchi Hidetaro (until 25 October); Motoda Tashio (starting 25 October)'
Shiga Prefecture: Kaiichiro Suematsu (starting month unknown)
Shiname Prefecture: Sanehide Takarabe (until 25 October); Naganobu Ren (starting 25 October)
Tochigi Prefecture: Haruki Yamawaki
Tokyo: Katsuo Usami
Toyama Prefecture: Kihachiro Ito
Yamagata Prefecture: Agata Shinobu

Events

April unknown date – Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical was founded, as predecessor part of Astellas Pharma.^{[citation needed]}
May 21–25 – 1923 Far Eastern Games held in Osaka.^[2]
August 24 – Prime Minister Katō Tomosaburō dies in office.
August 29 – Fuji Electric Manufacturing, later Fuji Electric was founded.^{[citation needed]}
September 1 – The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing an estimated 142,807 people, but according to a Japanese construction research center report in 2005, 105,000 are confirmed dead. Varied accounts indicate the duration of the earthquake was between four and ten minutes.^[3]
September 1-21 - Kantō Massacre: Young Japanese vigilante groups, driven by rumors of a Korean revolt, attack and murder thousands of Korean residents.
September 2
- Yamamoto Gonnohyōe is appointed Prime Minister of Japan.
- Martial law declared in Tokyo districts
September 3–5 – Kameido incident
September 4 – The area of martial law is expanded to cover all of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba, and Saitama prefectures.
September 7 – A Curfew is issued in Tokyo.
September 16 – Amakasu Incident: The feminist Noe Itō and her partner, the anarchist Sakae Ōsugi are beaten and killed by a police squadron led by Lieutenant Amakasu Masahiko, along with Ōsugi's six-year-old nephew, and their bodies disposed in a well. Following countrywide outcry, Amakasu was court-martialed and sentenced to 10 years in prison.^[4]
December 27 – Toranomon Incident: An assassination attempt is made on the crown prince Hirohito in Tokyo by Daisuke Namba, but the attempt fails.
Unknown date –Yamanouchi Pharmacy, as predecessor of Astellas was founded.^{[citation needed]}

Births

February 17 – Jun Fukuda, film director (d. 2000)
March 27 – Shūsaku Endō, writer (d. 1996)
May 24 – Seijun Suzuki, filmmaker, actor, and screenwriter (d. 2017)
June 4 – Yuriko, Princess Mikasa, wife of Prince Takahito (d. 2024)
August 7 – Ryōtarō Shiba, writer (d. 1996)
October 7 – Tomio Aoki, film actor (d. 2004)

Deaths

January 8 – Shimamura Hayao, Marine Admiral (b. 1858)
February 3 – Kuroki Tamemoto general (b. 1844)
February 4 – Prince Fushimi Sadanaru, Field Marshal (b. 1858)
April 1 – Prince Naruhisa Kitashirakawa, military personnel (b. 1887)
June 9
- Takeo Arishima, novelist, writer and essayist (suicide) (b. 1878)
- Akiko Hatano, journalist (suicide) (b. 1894)
June 19 – Shō Shō, member of the House of Peers (b. 1888)
August 24 – Katō Tomosaburō, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1861)
September 1 – Matsuoka Yasukowa, politician and cabinet minister (B. 1846)
September 2 – Kuriyagawa Hakuson, literary critic (b. 1880)
September 16
- Noe Itō, anarchist, social critic and author (b. 1895)
- Sakae Ōsugi, anarchist (b. 1885)
November 8 – Fusakichi Omori, seismologist (b. 1868)
November 26 – Otani Kikuzo, general (b. 1856)
December 29 – Kōno Hironaka, politician (b. 1849)

References

^ "Taishō | emperor of Japan". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
^ Bell, Daniel (2003). Encyclopedia of international games. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. p. 474. ISBN 0-7864-1026-4.
^ James, Charles. "The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake and Fire" (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 March 2007. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
^ Cybriwsky, Roman (2011). Historical Dictionary of Tokyo. Scarecrow Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-8108-7489-3.