← 1877 1876 1875 1878 in Argentina → 1879 1880 1881
Decades:	1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s
See also:	Other events of 1878 List of years in Argentina

Events in the year 1878 in Argentina.

• President: Nicolás Avellaneda
• Vice President: Mariano Acosta

• Buenos Aires Province: Carlos Casares (until 1 May); Carlos Tejedor (from 1 May)
• Cordoba: Antonio Del Viso
• Mendoza Province: Julio Gutiérrez (until 15 February); Elías Villanueva (from 15 February)
• Santa Fe Province: Servando Bayo then Simón de Iriondo

• Buenos Aires Province: Luis Sáenz Peña (until 1 May); José María Moreno (starting 1 May)

• May 23 - chartering of Bank of the City of Buenos Aires as the Monte de Piedad in a measure against the prevalence of usury in Buenos Aires (mostly targeting the growing wave of immigration in Argentina)^[1]

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• January 8 – Gauchito Gil, legendary religious figure (b. 1847)

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