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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1574.

• unknown dates
  • Exercicio quotidiano, a religious manuscript in the Nahuatl language, is created.^[1]
  • The Russian printer Ivan Fyodorov prints the second edition of his Apostolos and the first Azbuka (alphabet book) in Cyrillic script.

• Jean-Antoine de Baïf – Etrenes de poezie Franzoeze an vers mezures
• Matthias Flacius et al. – Magdeburg Centuries
• Nicolás Monardes – Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales
• Elizabeth Tyrwhitt – Morning and Evening Prayers^[2]

• See 1574 in poetry

• September – Thomas Gataker, English theologian (died 1654)
• September 18 – Claudio Achillini, Italian philosopher, theologian and poet (died 1640)
• November 4 – Erycius Puteanus, Dutch philologist (died 1646)
• Unknown dates
  • Richard Barnfield, English poet (died 1627)
  • Nicolas Coeffeteau, French theologian, poet and historian (died 1623)
  • John Day, English dramatist (died c. 1640)
  • Paul Laymann, Austrian moralist (died 1635)
  • Feng Menglong (馮夢龍), Chinese vernacular poet (died 1645)
  • William Percy, English poet and playwright (died 1648)

• January 30 – Damião de Góis, Portuguese humanist philosopher (born 1502)
• April 17 – Joachim Camerarius, German classical scholar (born 1500)
• June 27 – Giorgio Vasari, artist and biographer of artists (born 1511)
• November 7 – Solomon Luria, Jewish legal author (born 1510)
• November 28 – Georg Major, German Lutheran theologian (born 1502)
• December 10 – Ascanio Condivi, biographer of Michelangelo (born 1525)
• Unknown dates
  • Gáspár Heltai (Kaspar Helth), Transylvanian writer in German (born c. 1490)
  • Paulus Manutius, Venetian printer (born 1512)
  • Antonio Minturno, Italian poet and critic (born 1500)
  • Cornelio Musso, Italian orator and writer (born 1511)
  • Ioannes Sommerus, Saxon theologian (born 1542)