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(523727) 2014 NW₆₅
Discovery
Discovered by	Pan-STARRS 1
Discovery site	Haleakala Obs.
Discovery date	14 July 2010
Designations
MPC designation	(523727) 2014 NW65
Minor planet category	centaur · distant
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5)
	Uncertainty parameter 2
Observation arc	12.45 yr (4,546 d)
Aphelion	35.388 AU
Perihelion	11.185 AU
Semi-major axis	23.286 AU
Eccentricity	0.5197
Orbital period (sidereal)	112.37 yr (41,044 d)
Mean anomaly	311.34°
Mean motion	0° 0m 31.68s / day
Inclination	20.424°
Longitude of ascending node	216.01°
Argument of perihelion	232.73°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	212 km; 213 km
Geometric albedo	0.08 (est.); 0.09 (est.)
Absolute magnitude (H)	6.5; 6.8

(523727) 2014 NW₆₅ (provisional designation 2014 NW₆₅) is a large centaur from the outer Solar System, approximately 220 kilometers (140 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 14 July 2010 by astronomers with the Pan-STARRS-1 survey at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, in the United States.^[1] The minor planet was numbered in 2018 and has not been named.

Orbit and classification

2014 NW₆₅ is a member of the centaurs, an inward-moving population of bodies transiting from the Kuiper belt to the group of Jupiter-family comets. Their eccentric orbits are often in between those of Jupiter and Neptune, that is, they have a semi-major axis of typically 5.5 to 30.1 AU. Centaurs are cometary-like bodies. They have a short dynamical lifetime due to the perturbing forces exerted on them by the Solar System's outer planets.

It orbits the Sun at a distance of 11.2–35.4 AU once every 112 years and 4 months (41,044 days; semi-major axis of 23.29 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.52 and an inclination of 20° with respect to the ecliptic.^[2] It has 3 precovery observations back to 2009.^[1]

Numbering and naming

This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 2018, receiving the number (523727) in the minor planet catalog (M.P.C. 111779).^[6] As of 2023^[update], it has not been named.^[1] According to the established naming conventions, it will be named after one of the many centaurs from Greek mythology, which are creatures with the upper body of a human and the lower body and legs of a horse.^[7]

Physical characteristics

Diameter and albedo

2014 NW₆₅ has an absolute magnitude of 6.5.^[1] According to the Johnston's archive and astronomer Michael Brown, it measures 212 and 213 kilometers in diameter, based on an assumed albedo for the body's surface of 0.09 and 0.08, respectively.^[3]^[5] It is one of the largest centaurs, comparable in size with 2060 Chiron, 10199 Chariklo, and 54598 Bienor.

As of 2021^[update], no physical characteristics have been determined from photometric observations. The body's color, rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.^[2]^[8]