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Charles Émile Waldteufel (French pronunciation: [valtøfɛl]; German: [ˈvalt.tɔɪ̯fl̩]; 9 December 1837 – 12 February 1915)^[1] was a French pianist, conductor and composer known for his numerous popular salon pieces.

Life

Émile Waldteufel (German for forest devil) was born at 84 Grand'Rue in the centre of Strasbourg. His grandfather and father were both musicians; his mother Flora Neubauer, originally from Bavaria, had been a student of Hummel and had met Haydn; she was also a keen singer and dancer.^[2] From a Jewish Alsatian family of musicians,^[3]^[4] the original family surname had been Lévy. His father Louis led a respected orchestra, and his brother Léon was a successful performer. When Léon won a place to study violin at the Conservatoire de Paris, the family followed him there.

Waldteufel received his first lessons from his father and from the local musician Joseph Heyberger. After his arrival in Paris he could take classes from Laurent at the Conservatoire de Paris, followed by advanced studies under Marmontel.^[2] Among his fellow students was Jules Massenet.

The young Émile was obliged to halt his studies and work at the Scholtus piano factory owing to the financial situation of the family, but soon took a room at rue de Bellefond in order to concentrate on composing.^[2] During his time at the Conservatory, Louis Waldteufel's orchestra became famous in Paris, and Émile was frequently invited to play at important events.

At the age of 27, Waldteufel became the court pianist of Empress Eugénie. He also led the orchestra at state balls.^[5] His appointment by Napoléon III as the musical director of the balls led him to participation in the events in Biarritz and Compiègne; at the latter he met many other musicians and artists and also accompanied the emperor playing the violin.^[2]

In 1868, he married Célestine Dufau, a former singer from Toulouse who had appeared at the Opéra-Comique. They had three children, Louis René, Émile René and Berthe.^[2]

At the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, Waldteufel enlisted and was stationed in the Basses-Pyrénées. After the defeat of France the Second French Empire was dissolved and his home town became part of Germany for the rest of his life. After the Empire, the orchestra still played at presidential balls at the Élysée. At this time only a few members of French high society knew of Waldteufel; he was nearly 40 before he became better known.

In October 1874, Waldteufel played at an event that was attended by the then Prince of Wales, future King Edward VII of the United Kingdom. The Prince was enthralled by Waldteufel's Manolo waltz, and was prepared to make Waldteufel's music known in Britain.^[6] A long-term contract with the London-based publisher Hopwood & Crew followed. Part of the company belonged to Charles Coote, director of the Coote & Tinney's Band, the first dance orchestra in London. Through these means, Waldteufel's music was performed at Buckingham Palace in front of Queen Victoria. Waldteufel was a major force in the music scene of London and became world-famous. During this period he composed his best known works, many of which are still heard today around the world. He became best known for the waltz "Les Patineurs" (The Ice Skaters), composed in 1882.

Waldteufel gave concerts in several European cities including London in 1885, Berlin in 1889 (where he enjoyed a friendly rivalry with Johann Strauss), and the Paris Opéra Balls in 1890 and 1891. He continued his career as conductor and composer of dance music for the presidential balls until retiring in 1899.

Waldteufel died at his home, 37 rue Saint-Georges in Paris, at the age of 77. He and his wife (who had died the year before) were buried in Père Lachaise.

Waldteufel composed at and for the piano (often for performance at court) before orchestrating many of the works.^[7] He conducted with a stick rather than the then-customary violin bow. The typical Waldteufel orchestra consisted of strings and a doubled woodwind section, two cornets, four horns, three trombones, and ophicleide or euphonium, along with percussion. Waldteufel's music can be distinguished from Johann Strauss II's waltzes and polkas in that he used subtle harmonies and gentle phrases, unlike Strauss's more robust approach.^{[citation needed]}

A biography of the Waldteufel family by Andrew Lamb (Skaters' Waltz: The Story of the Waldteufels) was published in 1995.

His waltz Dolorès, Op. 170 (1880) was the basis for the Russian romance Honey, do you hear me (Russian: «Милая, ты услышь меня»).^{[citation needed]}

Works

(with opus number)

Kamiesch, march, Op. 5
Myosotis, waltz (Vergissmeinnicht), Op. 101
Jean qui pleure et Jean qui rit, polka burlesque, Op. 106
Bella, polka-mazurka, Op. 113 (1867)
Dans les bois, polka-mazurka, Op. 119
Les Lointains, waltz, Op. 121
Mellow Waltz, Op. 123 (1866)
Carolinen, polka, Op. 124
Dans les champs, polka-mazurka, Op. 125 (1868)
Madeleine, waltz, Op. 126
Desirée, polka-mazurka, Op. 132
Térésa (also Antoinette), waltz, Op. 133 (1864)
Joujou-Polka, Op. 135
Manolo, waltz, Op. 140 (1874?)
Roses et marguerites, waltz, Op. 141
Tout à vous, waltz, Op. 142 (1875)
Bien-aimés Waltz, Op. 143 (1875)
Entre nous Waltz, Op. 144 (1876)
Flots de joie, waltz, Op. 145 (1875)
Grand vitesse, galop, Op. 146 (1876)
Violettes waltz, Op. 148 (1876)
Au revoir, waltz, Op.149 (1876)
A toi, waltz, Op. 150
Mon rêve, waltz, Op. 151 (1877)
Prestissimo, galop, Op. 152 (1877)
Hommage aux dames, waltz, Op. 153
Les Sirènes, waltz, Op. 154 (1878)
Pomona Waltz, Op. 155 (1877)
Toujours ou jamais, waltz, Op. 156 (1877)
Les Folies, polka, Op. 157 (1878)
Très jolie, waltz, Op. 159 (1878)
Pluie de diamants, waltz, Op. 160 (1879)
La Berceuse, waltz, Op. 161
Brune ou blonde, waltz, Op. 162 (1878)
Bonne bouche (also Bella bocca), polka, Op. 163 (1879)
Gaîté waltz, Op. 164 (1878)
Ma charmante waltz, Op. 166 (1879)
Autres fois, waltz, Op. 167
Minuit, polka, Op. 168
Toujours fidèle, waltz, Op. 169 (1879)
Dolores Waltz, Op. 170 (1880)
Chantilly, waltz, Op. 171 (1880)
Solitude, waltz, Op. 174 (1881)
Jeunesse dorée, waltz, Op. 175 (1881)
Je t'aime, waltz, Op. 177 (1882)
La Barcarolle, waltz, Op. 178 (1882)
Naples, waltz, Op. 179
La Source, waltz, Op. 180 (1882)
Trictrac, polka, Op. 181
L'Esprit français, polka, Op. 182 (1882)
Les Patineurs, waltz, Op. 183 (1882)
Mariana, waltz, Op. 185
Les Sourires, waltz, Op. 187 (1883)
Soirée d'été, waltz, Op. 188 (1883)
En Garde!, polka militaire, Op. 189
Les Fleurs, waltz, Op. 190 (1883)
Estudiantina, waltz, Op. 191 (1883) (arrangement from Paul Lacome's reputed "Duos")
Près de toi, waltz, Op. 193
Nid d'amour, waltz, Op. 195
Jeux d'esprit, polka, Op. 196
Camarade, polka, Op. 197
Joie envolée, waltz, Op. 198
Trésor d'amour, waltz, Op. 199 (1885)
Tout en rose, waltz, Op. 200 (1885)
Un premier bouquet, waltz, Op. 201 (1885)
Rêverie, waltz, Op. 202 (1885)
Retour des champs, polka, Op. 203 (1885)
Illusion, waltz, Op. 204
Ma Voisine, polka, Op. 206 (1886)
The Grenadiers, waltz militaire, Op. 207^[8]
Dans les nuages, waltz, Op. 208 (1886)
Idylle, waltz, Op. 209
Tendres baisers, waltz, Op. 211
La Cinquantaine, polka, Op. 215 (1886)
Les Bohémiens, polka, Op. 216 (1887)
Tendresse, waltz, Op. 217
Coquetterie, waltz, Op. 218 (1887)
Tout ou rien, polka, Op. 219 (1887)
Acclamations, waltz, Op. 223 (1888)
Papillons bleus, waltz, Op. 224
Château en Espagne, polka, Op. 225 (1888)
Dans tes yeux, waltz, Op. 227
Hébé, waltz, Op. 228 (1888)
Etincelles, waltz, Op. 229
Roses de Noël, waltz, Op. 230 (1889)
Rococo-Polka, Op. 232 (1888)
Bagatelle, polka, Op. 233
Sur la plage, waltz, Op. 234
Vision, waltz, Op. 235 (1888)
España, waltz, Op. 236 (1886) (after Chabrier)
L'Étoile polaire, waltz, Op. 238
Par-ci, par-là, polka, Op. 239 (1883)
Tout-Paris, waltz, Op. 240 (1889)
Ange d'amour, waltz, Op. 241 (1889)
Nuée d'oiseaux, polka, Op. 243 (1890)
Retour de printemps, waltz, Op. 244
Invitation à la gavotte, Op. 246 (1891)
Fontaine lumineuse, waltz, Op. 247 (1891)
Zig-zag, polka, Op. 248 (1891)
Sous la voûte étoilée, waltz, Op. 253 (1892)
Souveraine, mazurka, Op. 255 (1893)

(without opus number)

Amour et printemps, waltz (1880)
Fleurs et baisers, waltz (1904)
Béobile, pizzicato (1908?)
La Fauvette du temple, waltz (1885) (after Messager)

In popular culture

Waldteufel's 1886 waltz España is largely based on Chabrier's España but also includes a section from Chabrier's Une Éducation manquée. Chabrier's rhapsody is also the basis of the melody of the 1956 American popular song "Hot Diggity (Dog Ziggity Boom)" by Al Hoffman and Dick Manning, made popular by Perry Como in 1956.

A melody from the Estudiantina waltz was used as the tune of an advertising jingle for Rheingold Beer ("My beer, is Rheingold, the dry beer ..."). Estudiantina was played by I Salonisti in James Cameron's 1997 movie Titanic.

References

^ Griffiths, Paul (2004). The Penguin Companion to Classical Music. London: Penguin UK. p. 2721. ISBN 978-014-190976-9. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Hering, Pierre. Emile Waldteufel (1837-1915). In: La Musique en Alsace hier et aujourd'hui (Strasbourg: Librairie Istra, 1970, p. 157–162.
^ Jews in Music, commentary by Dr Gerhard Falk.
^ Jewish Songwriters and Composers, jinfo.org.
^ Filon, Augustin (1920). Recollections of the Empress Eugénie. London: Cassell and Company, Ltd. p. 74. Retrieved March 29, 2013. To-night [during the "white overalls" riots following the 1869 elections], gala soirée in honour of the Queen of Holland and the Grand-Duchess Marie of Russia.... Everyone seems anxious and ill at ease, and many throw involuntary glances at the windows which look on the Place du Carrousel, over which an angry mob is swarming. Waldteufel's orchestra plays its most entrancing waltzes, and five or six couples venture on the floor. Waltzing, to-night, is an act of loyalty to the Empire.
^ "Waldteufel, Emile in Oxford Music Library". Oxford Music Online. Retrieved 2008-10-02.
^ Sorel, Alexandre. Booklet notes accompanying DVD SODVD 03 - Émile WALDTEUFEL, le STRAUSS français, 2008.
^ Dedicated to Dan Godfrey, (the basis of "Escort to the Colour", arr. by Ridings, 1978)

External links

Free scores by Emile Waldteufel at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Orchestre de salon Eugénie: A Parisian salon orchestra specialized in French and Parisian dance music between 1850 and 1900 (waltz, polka, quadrilles, schottische). An important part of their activities and performances is dedicated to Émile Waldteufel, Léon Waldteufel (the brother) and Louis Waldteufel's music.
Emil Waldteufel recordings at the Discography of American Historical Recordings.