Δουκάτο της Σαξονίας

Δουκάτο της Σαξονίας
804–1296

Έμβλημα
Ίδρυση804
Γλώσσεςλατινική γλώσσα
δεδομένα (π • σ • ε )

Το Δουκάτο της Σαξονίας (κάτω γερμανικά: Hartogdom Sassen, γερμανικά: Herzogtum Sachsen) ήταν αρχικά η περιοχή που εγκαταστάθηκε από τους Σάξονες στα τέλη του Πρώιμου Μεσαίωνα, όταν υποτάχθηκαν από τον Καρλομάγνο κατά τη διάρκεια των Σαξονικών Πολέμων από το 772 και ενσωματώθηκαν στην Αυτοκρατορία των Καρολιδών (Φραγκία) έως το 804.

Με τη Συνθήκη του Βερντέν το 843, η Σαξονία ήταν ένα από τα πέντε συστατικά γερμανικά δουκάτα της Ανατολικής Φραγκίας. Ο Δούκας Ερρίκος Α΄ ο Ορνιθοθήρας εξελέγη Γερμανός βασιλιάς το 919.

Μετά την εκθρόνιση του Δούκα των Γουέλφων, Ερρίκου του Λέοντος το 1180, ο δουκικός τίτλος πήγε στον Οίκο των Ασκάνια, ενώ πολλά εδάφη χωρίστηκαν από τη Σαξονία, όπως το Πριγκιπάτο του Άνχαλτ το 1218 και το Γουελφικό Δουκάτο του Μπράουνσβαϊγκ-Λύνεμπουργκ το 1235.

Το 1296 τα εναπομείναντα εδάφη χωρίστηκαν μεταξύ των Ασκάνιων δούκων της Σαξονίας-Λάουενμπουργκ και της Σαξονίας-Βίτενμπεργκ,[1][1] με τους τελευταίους να αποκτούν τον τίτλο των Εκλεκτόρων της Σαξονίας από τον Χρυσό Ταύρο του 1356.

Τα εδάφη που αποχώρησαν από τη Σαξονία μετά το 1180

Βεστφαλία

Ανγκρία

Ιστφαλία

Βόρεια Αλμπίνια

Παραπομπές

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Cordula Bornefeld, "Die Herzöge von Sachsen-Lauenburg", in: Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg [De slevigske hertuger; German], Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen (ed.) on behalf of the Gesellschaft für Schleswig-Holsteinische Geschichte, Neumünster: Wachholtz, 2008, pp. 373-389, here p. 375. (ISBN 978-3-529-02606-5)

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