Teufel von Loudun

Die Angelegenheit um die sogenannten Teufel von Loudun oder auch die Besessenen von Loudun war eine von Kardinal Richelieu in den 1630er Jahren gegen den katholischen Priester Urbain Grandier, Pfarrer der Kirche Sainte Croix in Loudun im Bistum Poitiers in Frankreich, eingeleitete Hexenverfolgung.

Geschichte

1632 beschuldigten die Nonnen des Klosters der Ursulinen von Loudun den Priester Urbain Grandier, von ihm verhext worden zu sein. Dieser hatte ein ungestümes Pamphlet gegen Richelieu gerichtet und widersetzte sich standhaft der von diesem verlangten Zerstörung der Stadtmauern. Auf Verlangen von Richelieu wurde ein Hexenprozess gegen ihn eingeleitet, man nahm zahlreiche Teufelsaustreibungen an den Nonnen vor, und am 18. August 1634 wurde Urbain Grandier zum Tode verurteilt, gefoltert und verbrannt.

Wichtige Aufschlüsse über die Ereignisse liefern die Memoiren der Nonne Jeanne des Anges bzw. Johanna von den Engeln (Madame de Beclier), die erstmals 1866 auf Französisch unter dem Titel Autobiographie d’une Hystérique Possédée erschienen.

Bücher, Filme und Vertonungen

Literatur

  • Michel de Certeau: La possession de Loudun. Paris 1970, Neuauflage 2005 bei Gallimard in der Sammlung Folio Histoire
  • Rosa Schudel-Benz: Die Besessenen von Loudun. Ein Prozeß aus der Zeit Richelieus. Beck, München, 1927 (Stern und Unstern. Eine Sammlung merkwürdiger Schicksale und Abenteuer, 9. Buch)
  • Nicolas Aubin: Geschichte der Teufel von Loudun oder der Besessenheit der Ursulinen und von der Verdammung und Bestrafung von Urbain Grandier, Pfarrer derselben Stadt. Birkenau/Scheden, Emig/Gauke, o. J. (Materialien zum Phänomen des „Bösen“, Band 1) (Nicolas Aubin war protestantischer Pastor und emigrierte nach der Widerrufung des Edikts von Nantes nach Holland.)

Belletristik

  • Willibald Alexis: Urban Grandier oder die Besessenen von Loudun. Roman. 1843.
  • Eyvind Johnson: Träume von Rosen und Feuer (Drömmar om rosor och eld). 1949.
  • Aldous Huxley: Die Teufel von Loudun (The devils of Loudun). 1952.

Musik

Oper

  • Krzysztof Penderecki: Die Teufel von Loudun Oper in drei Akten. Nach The Devils of Loudun von Aldous Huxley in der Dramatisierung von John Whiting. Mainz, London u. New York, B. Schott's Söhne, (1969). Unter Benutzung der deutschen Übertragung von Erich Fried. Textbuch. Edition Schott 6356. (Die Oper entstand als Auftragsarbeit der Hamburgischen Staatsoper.)

Anderes

  • Untoten: Die Nonnen von Loudun (Doppelalbum von 2007)
  • Schloss Tegal: The Brides of Loudun (vom Album The Soul Extinguished)

Film und Fernsehfilm

Siehe auch

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