Obödienz (Kirchenvermögen)

Obödienz (lateinisch: obedientia, auch: oboedientia: „Gehorsam, Anhang“; von oboediens: „gehorsam“) oder Oblei (lateinisch: oblatio) ist ein kirchliches Sondervermögen, das meist durch eine Schenkung an ein Kollegiatstift oder Domkapitel entstanden ist. Obödienzen gehören nicht zum Stiftungsvermögen und stehen daher meist unter der getrennten Verwaltung eines Einzelnen, z. B. eines Mitglieds der genannten Kirchen.

So war beispielsweise das oberfränkische Pettstadt eine Oblei des Bamberger Domkapitels, das damit zugleich Dorf-, Gemeinde- und Lehensherr war,[1] und Aschfeld Oblei des Würzburger Domkapitels.[2]

Ein eigenes Obleibuch (Liber oblationum Inticensis) wurde auch vom Stift Innichen angelegt; die Verschriftlichung aus dem frühen 14. Jahrhundert geht ihrerseits auf eine Vorlage gleicher Konzeption des 12. Jahrhunderts zurück und erfüllte zugleich die Funktion eines Gesamturbars.[3]

Literatur

  • Ulrich Rasche (Hrsg.): Necrologien, Anniversarien- und Obödienzienverzeichnisse des Mindener Domkapitels aus dem 13. Jahrhundert (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Libri memoriales et necrologia N.S. 5). Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-7752-5505-2 (Digitalisat).
  • Enno Bünz: Oblatio – oblagium – Oblei. Zur Güterorganisation und -verwaltung mittelalterlicher Dom- und Kollegiatstifte. In: Stift und Wirtschaft. Die Finanzierung geistlichen Lebens im Mittelalter (= Schriften zur südwestdeutschen Landeskunde. Band 58). Ostfildern 2007, ISBN 978-3-7995-5258-5, S. 19–44.

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Die Geschichte Pettstadts. In: pettstadt.de. Abgerufen am 24. November 2019 (Auszug aus Heinrichsblatt Nr. 47 vom 25. November 2007).
  2. ↑ Christine Demel u. a.: Leinach. Geschichte – Sagen – Gegenwart. Gemeinde Leinach, Leinach 1999, S. 100 (zu Wolfram von Leinach, dem 1271 die Oblei Aschfeld als Besoldung zugewiesen worden war).
  3. ↑ Martin Bitschnau, Hannes Obermair: Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Abteilung: Die Urkunden zur Geschichte des Inn-, Eisack- und Pustertals. Band 1: Bis zum Jahr 1140. Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8, S. 4–5, Nr. 383*.

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