Nītaure

Nītaure (dt. Nitau)
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Nītaure (Lettland)
Nītaure (Lettland)
Basisdaten
Staat: Lettland Lettland
Verwaltungsbezirk: Bezirk Cēsis
Koordinaten: 57° 4′ N, 25° 12′ OKoordinaten: 57° 4′ 13″ N, 25° 11′ 32″ O
Einwohner: 419

Nītaure (deutsch Nitau) ist ein Ort in Lettland, gelegen an der Mergupe in Vidzeme, dem historischen Livland, etwa 70 km ostnordöstlich von Riga. Der Rigaische Meerbusen ist in nordwestlicher Richtung etwa 50 km entfernt. Im Jahr 2023 zählte Nītaure 419 Einwohner.[1]

Geschichte

Im Jahr 1277 wurde die Burg Nitau des Livländischen Ordens errichtet, die im 17. Jahrhundert verfiel und von der nur noch ein 49 Meter langes und 1,5 Meter breites Fragment der Nordmauer entlang der Mergupe erhalten geblieben ist, das das Grundstück der Kirche begrenzt. 1759 schenkte Kaiserin Elisabeth dem deutschbaltischen Grafen Wilhelm von Fermor unter anderem das Rittergut Nitau.[2]

Die heutige Ortschaft entstand in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts, als der Besitzer des örtlichen Gutes Bauplätze verteilte. 1897 hatte Nītaure 560 Einwohner, im 2007 waren es 450.

Das 1890 im neubarocken Stil neuerrichtete Schloss Nitau wurde während der Russischen Revolution 1905 zerstört und in den 1920er Jahren als Schule wiederaufgebaut.[3] Das Gut war 1920 anlässlich der lettischen Agrarreform verstaatlicht worden; letzter deutschbaltischer Eigentümer war bis dahin Graf Wilhelm Konstantin Stenbock-Fermor.[4]

Sehenswürdigkeiten

  • Lutherische Kirche Nītaure, 1762–1770 errichtet
    Lutherische Kirche Nītaure, 1762–1770 errichtet
  • Orthodoxe Geburtskirche Nītaure, erbaut 1875–1877, Architekt: Jānis Frīdrihs Baumanis
    Orthodoxe Geburtskirche Nītaure, erbaut 1875–1877, Architekt: Jānis Frīdrihs Baumanis
  • Schloss Nitau
    Schloss Nitau
  • Mauerrest der Ordensburg Nitau
    Mauerrest der Ordensburg Nitau
  • Wassermühle in Nītaure
    Wassermühle in Nītaure

Persönlichkeiten

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Vietvārdu datubāze, abgerufen am 23. Oktober 2024.
  2. ↑ Jānis Zilgalvis: Cultural and historical research of Nītaure manor. In: Landscape Architecture and Art, Jg. 23 (2023), S. 82–86, hier S. 82.
  3. ↑ https://amata.lv/nitaures-muiza-un-parks/
  4. ↑ Jānis Zilgalvis: Cultural and historical research of Nītaure manor. In: Landscape Architecture and Art, Jg. 23 (2023), S. 82–86, hier S. 84.

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