Jean-Baptiste Clément

Jean-Baptiste Clément (* 31. Mai 1836 in Boulogne-Billancourt; † 23. Februar 1903 in Paris) war ein französischer Chansonnier und Kommunarde. Bekannt ist er durch sein Chanson Le Temps des Cerises.

Leben

Jean-Baptiste Clément wurde am 31. Mai 1836 in Boulogne-sur-Seine (heute: Boulogne-Billancourt)[1] als Sohn eines wohlhabenden Müllers geboren. Mit 14 Jahren lernte er auf den Wunsch der Mutter ein Handwerk.[2] Er arbeitete in der Müllerei bei seinen Großeltern in Gennevilliers (Moulin de Cage) nördlich von Paris. In diese Zeit fällt seine Bekanntschaft mit Jules Vallès und dessen sozialistischem Journal Le Cri du Peuple. 1866 traf er Isoline Marcillac, mit der er an den Montmartre zog und noch im gleichen Jahr die Tochter Madeleine bekam. Im selben Jahr entstand der Text zu Le temps des Cerises. Antoine Renard komponierte 1867 die Musik dazu.[3] Clément kam 1868 in das Pariser Gefängnis Sainte-Pélagie wegen eigener redaktioneller Tätigkeiten.[4]

Im Jahr 1871 wurde er in die Pariser Kommune gewählt. Die Eindrücke der Kommune veranlassten ihn zur Komposition von La semaine sanglante sowie der Chansons de l'avenir. Nachdem die Pariser Kommune niedergeschlagen wurde, floh Clément nach London, wo er als Französischlehrer unterrichtete. Seine Amnestie 1880 veranlasste ihn zur Rückkehr nach Frankreich.[5]

Seine ersten Chansons sind beeinflusst von Théodore de Banville und Henri Murger.[4]

Werk

Literatur

  • Eugene Pottier, Walter Mehring (Hrsg.): Französische Revolutionslieder aus der Zeit der Pariser Commune. Königstein [u. a.], Autoren-Ed., 1981, ISBN 3-7610-8111-1.

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Clément, Jean Baptiste (1836–1903): BnF Catalogue général. Abgerufen am 18. September 2018 (französisch).
  2. ↑ 7532-1 : Jean Batiste Clément ou La fraternité en chanson... Abgerufen am 18. September 2018 (französisch).
  3. ↑ Antoine Renard: Le temps des cerises : pastorale. Abgerufen am 18. September 2018 (französisch).
  4. ↑ a b Pierre Thomas Camelot: JEAN-BAPTISTE CLÉMENT. In: Encyclopædia Universalis. Abgerufen am 18. September 2018 (französisch).
  5. ↑ Gertraude Clemenz-Kirsch: Flanieren an der Seine – Jean-Baptiste Clément und Eugène Pottier, Sänger der Commune. Abgerufen am 18. September 2018.
Personendaten
NAME Clément, Jean-Baptiste
ALTERNATIVNAMEN Cerises, Le Temps des
KURZBESCHREIBUNG französischer Chansonnier und Kommunarde
GEBURTSDATUM 31. Mai 1836
GEBURTSORT Boulogne-Billancourt
STERBEDATUM 23. Februar 1903
STERBEORT Paris

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