Haushaltsgen

Ein Haushaltsgen (auch englisch housekeeping gene, nicht-reguliertes Gen, konstitutiv exprimiertes Gen) ist ein Gen, welches unabhängig von Zelltyp, Zellstadium und äußeren Einflüssen exprimiert wird (meistens basal), im Gegensatz zu den regulierten Genen.[1][2]

Haushaltsgene sind typischerweise Gene, die die Strukturmoleküle und Enzyme, die mit dem Grundstoffwechsel von Zellen zusammenhängen, beispielsweise mit dem Glukose-Stoffwechsel, codieren.[3]

Sie enthalten oft keine TATA-Box, dafür aber CAAT- oder GC-Boxen.[4] Die GC-Box (Sequenz GGGCGG) ist der Promotor von Haushaltsgenen.[5]

Haushaltsgene des Menschen

Genexpression

Transkriptionsfaktoren

SREBP Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein
Repressoren

Spleißen

Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-assoziierte Proteine B und B'

Translationsfaktoren

tRNA-Synthetasen

Gene die für Aminoacyl-tRNA-Synthetasen codieren, auch mitochondriale (2):

  • EARS2 Glutamyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial (vorgeschlagen) NM_001083614
  • EPRS Bifunktionelle Glutamyl/Prolyl-tRNA-Synthetase
  • PARS2 Prolinyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial (vorgeschlagen)
  • TARS Tryptophanyl-tRNA-Synthetase
  • WARS2 Tryptophanyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_015836
RNA-bindende Proteine

Ribosomale Proteine

RNA-Polymerasen

Proteinprozessierung

Hitzeschockproteine

Histone

Zellzyklus

Apoptose

Onkogene

DNA-Reparatur und Replikation

Metabolismus

  • PRKAG1[6] inaktiviert HMGCoA-Reduktase und Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase

Kohlenhydratmetabolismus

Citratzyklus

Fettstoffwechsel

Aminosäuremetabolismus

Nukleotidsynthese

NADH-Dehydrogenasen

Cytochrom-C-Oxidasen

(COX1, COX2 und COX3 werden im Mitochondrium codiert)

ATPasen

Mitochondrial
Lysosomal

Lysosom

Proteasom

Ribonuklease

  • RNH[6][7] Ribonuklease-Hemmstoff

Oxidase/Reduktase

Strukturelle Proteine

Zytoskelett

Organellsynthese

Eine spezielle Form der Zellsignalisierung

Mitochondrium

Zelloberfläche

Zelladhäsion

Kanäle und Transporter

Rezeptoren

HLA, Immunoglobuline und Zellerkennung

Kinasen und Signaltransduktion

Wachstumsfaktoren

Gewebe-Nekrose-Faktoren

Caseinkinasen

Verschiedenes

Offene Leseraster

Begrenzt auf Spermien oder Hoden

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Bidossessi Wilfried Hounkpe, Francine Chenou, Franciele de Lima, Erich Vinicius De Paula: HRT Atlas v1.0 database: redefining human and mouse housekeeping genes and candidate reference transcripts by mining massive RNA-seq datasets. In: Nucleic Acids Research. 14. Juli 2020, ISSN 0305-1048, S. gkaa609, doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa609 (oup.com [abgerufen am 31. Oktober 2020]).
  2. ↑ Jan Koolman,Klaus-Heinrich Röhm: Taschenatlas Biochemie des Menschen. 2009, ISBN 978-3-13-759404-8 (Seite 242 in der Google-Buchsuche).
  3. ↑ H. Robert Horton,Laurence A. Moran,K. Gray Scrimgeour,J. David Rawn,Marc D. Perry: Biochemie. 2008, ISBN 978-3-8273-7312-0 (Seite 860 in der Google-Buchsuche).
  4. ↑ Detlev Ganten,Klaus Ruckpaul: Grundlagen der Molekularen Medizin. Springer, 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-69412-0 (Seite 121 in der Google-Buchsuche).
  5. ↑ D. Voet, J. Voet: Biochemistry, 4. Aufl., Wiley, Weinheim 2011. ISBN 978-0-47057095-1. S. 1282.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr Eisenberg E, and Levanon EY: Human housekeeping genes are compact. In: TRENDS in Genetics. 19. Jahrgang, Nr. 7, Juli 2003, S. 362–365, doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(03)00140-9, PMID 12850439.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef Velculescu VE, Madden SL, Zhang L, Lash AE, Yu J, Rago C, Lal A, Wang CJ, Beaudry GA, Ciriello KM, Cook BP, Dufault MR, Ferguson AT, Gao Y, He TC, Hermeking H, Hiraldo SK, Hwang PM, Lopez MA, Luderer HF, Mathews B, Petroziello JM, Polyak K, Zawel L, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhou W, Haluska FG, Jen J, Sukumar S, Landes GM, Riggins GJ, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW.: Analyses of Human Transcriptomes. In: Nat Genet. 23. Jahrgang, Nr. 4, Dezember 1999, S. 387–388, doi:10.1038/70487, PMID 10581018.
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Caradec J, Sirab N, Keumeugni C et al..: 'Desperate house genes': the dramatic example of hypoxia. In: British Journal of Cancer. 102. Jahrgang, Nr. 6, 2010, S. 1037–43, doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605573, PMID 20179706, PMC 2844028 (freier Volltext).
  9. ↑ L. L. Hsiao, F. Dangond, T. Yoshida, R. Hong, R. V. Jensen, J. Misra, W. Dillon, K. F. Lee et al.: A compendium of gene expression in normal human tissues. In: Physiol Genomics. 7. Jahrgang, Nr. 2, 21. Dezember 2001, S. 97–104, doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00040.2001, PMID 11773596.
  10. ↑ Susanne Walz, Francesca Lorenzin, Jennifer Morton, Katrin E. Wiese, Björn von Eyss: Activation and repression by oncogenic MYC shape tumour-specific gene expression profiles. In: Nature. Band 511, Nr. 7510, Juli 2014, ISSN 0028-0836, S. 483–487, doi:10.1038/nature13473, PMID 25043018 (nature.com [abgerufen am 12. Mai 2020]).

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