Das Buch der Alaune und Salze

Das Buch der Alaune und Salze[1] ist ein Alchemie-Grundwerk. Es wurde ca. im 11. Jahrhundert in Spanien geschrieben. Als Quellen dienten Schriften von islamischen Gelehrten wie Dschābir ibn Hayyān und Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi sowie Schriften aus ägyptischen Kreisen. Das Buch lässt sich in vier Abschnitte unterteilen:

  • Mineralien (Arsenik, Schwefel, Quecksilber)
  • Metalle (Gold, Silber, Eisen, Kupfer, Zinn, Blei)
  • Vom Glas und von den Steinen (Glas, Talq, Markasit)
  • Von den Alaunen und Salzen (Vitriol, Alaun, Salze, Alkali, Tinkar, Salmiak)

Der Titel des Gesamtwerks ist somit irreführend, weil er der gleiche wie der des letzten Abschnitts ist. In verschiedenen Katalogen finden sich deshalb ganz unterschiedliche Bezeichnungen.

Das Buch wurde in Arabisch geschrieben, ist jedoch kurz danach ins Lateinische Übersetzt worden. Heute sind verschiedene Übersetzungen und ein arabischer Text in verschiedenen Bibliotheken zerstreut und nachgedruckt worden:

  • Lateinische Handschrift 6514 in der Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris; Nachgedruckt und verbessert in [2]
  • Lateinischer Druck De Mineralibus Liber von Ioannes Garlandius als Anhang von dessen Werk Compendium Alchimiae Basel 1560 [1]
  • Arabisches Original, 11 Blätter, in der Berliner Handschrift Sprenger 1908
  • Zwei anonyme Texte in Oxford aus dem 14. Jahrhundert aufgelistet im Catalogue of Latin and vernacular alchemical manuscripts[3]
  • Anonymer Text in der Sammelhandschrift Arundel 164 der British Library in London aus dem 15. Jahrhundert. Die Handschrift war im Besitz von Willibald Pirckheimer gewesen.[4]
  • Handschrift im Codex Speciale unter dem Titel Sermo de Aluminibus et Salibus, quae in hac arte necessaria sunt
  • Handschriften im British Museum in London

Literatur

  • Joachim Telle: Buch der Alaune und Salze. In: Lexikon des Mittelalters. Band 2, Sp. 811–812.
  • Robert Steele: Practical chemistry in the twelfth century: Rasis de aluminibus et salibus. In: Isis. Band 12, 1929, S. 10–46.
  • Gabriele Ferrario: The Book on Alums and Salts of Pseudo-Rāzī. The Arabic and Hebrew Traditions. In: Ambix. Band 70, 2023, Supplement 1, S1-S208

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Julius Ruska: Das Buch der Alaune und Salze. juliusruska.digilibrary.de, abgerufen am 2. April 2009. (Verlag Chemie, Berlin, 1935)
  2. ↑ Robert Steele: Rasis de aluminibus et salibus, translated by Gerard of Cremona Isis, Vol XII Nr. 37, 1929, S. 12ff.
  3. ↑ Catalogue of Latin and vernacular alchemical manuscripts, PMC 233612 (freier Volltext)
  4. ↑ Catalogue of Illuminated Manuscripts

Read other articles:

The Sheik (film)

1921 film by George Melford The SheikDirected byGeorge MelfordWritten byMonte M. Katterjohn (adaptation)Based onThe Sheikby Edith Maude HullProduced byFred QuimbyStarringRudolph ValentinoAgnes AyresCinematographyWilliam MarshallMusic byIrving Berlin (1970s reissue)ProductioncompanyFamous Players–LaskyDistributed byParamount PicturesRelease date November 20, 1921 (1921-11-20) (US) Running time80 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageSilent (English intertitles)Budgetunder $20...

 

Alan Kurdi

Alan Kurdi (awalnya dikabarkan dengan nama Aylan Kurdi)[1][2] adalah seorang bocah Suriah berusia tiga tahun keturunan Kurdi[3] yang menjadi berita utama di seluruh dunia setelah tenggalam di Laut Tengah, sebagai bagian dari krisis pengungsi Suriah. Ia bersama dengan keluarganya menaiki sebuah perahu karet yang tenggelam tak lama setelah meninggalkan Bodrum, Turki pada 2 September 2015, untuk menuju ke pulau Yunani Kos, pada jarak 2.5 mil melalui perairan dari Bodrum....

 

Bert Sakmann

German Nobel laureate You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (June 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into...

Lady Sarah Chatto

Lady Sarah ChattoLahirSarah Frances Elizabeth Armstrong-Jones01 Mei 1964 (umur 59)Istana Kensington, London, InggrisPendidikan Bedales School Camberwell School of Art Middlesex Polytechnic PekerjaanPelukisSuami/istriDaniel Chatto ​(m. 1994)​Anak2Orang tuaAntony Armstrong-Jones, Earl Snowdon ke-1 (bapak)Putri Margaret dari Britania Raya (ibu)Keluarga Keluarga Armstrong-Jones Wangsa Windsor Lady Sarah Frances Elizabeth Chatto (née Armstrong-Jones; lahir 1 Mei...

 

Geger Sepehi

Geger SepehiPojok Beteng Lor Wetan yang menjadi saksi Geger Sepehi, telah dibangun kembali pada 2020.Tanggal19-20 Juni 1812LokasiKeraton YogyakartaHasil Penyerbuan berhasil Hamengkubuwana II dibuang ke Pulau Penang Hamengkubuwana III kembali naik tahtaPihak terlibat Kesultanan Yogyakarta Britania Raya Pendudukan Inggris di Jawa Dibantu oleh: Kadipaten MangkunagaranTokoh dan pemimpin Hamengkubuwana II KRT Sumadiningrat (KIA) Thomas Stamford Raffles John Crawfurd Robert Rollo Gillespie Man...

 

Sasol

Sasol LimitedNama dagangSasolJenisPerusahaan publikKode emitenNYSE: SSLJSE: SOLIndustriMinyak dan gasKimiaPendahuluSuid-Afrikaanse Steenkool-, Olie- en GasmaatskappyDidirikan1950 (1950)KantorpusatJohannesburg, Afrika SelatanTokohkunciBongani Nqwababa dan Stephen Cornell (CEO)Pendapatan US$21.78 miliar[1]Laba operasi US$4.72 miliar[1]Laba bersih US$3.11 miliar[1]Karyawan30,100Situs webwww.sasol.com Sasol Limited adalah perusahaan energi dan kimia ter...

Азиатский барсук

Азиатский барсук Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:СинапсидыКласс:Мле�...

 

KEHH

KSBJ radio station in Livingston, Texas KEHHLivingston, TexasBroadcast areaLivingston, TexasHuntsville, TexasLufkin, TexasFrequency92.3 MHzBranding89.3 KSBJProgrammingFormatContemporary ChristianAffiliationsKSBJ Radio NetworkOwnershipOwnerHope Media GroupSister stationsKSBJ, KXBJ, KWUP, KHVU, KHIH, WNVU, WAY-FM NetworkHistoryFirst air dateOctober 19, 1970 (as KETX-FM at 92.1)Former call signsKETX-FM (October 19, 1970- October 15, 2019)Former frequencies92.1 MHz (1970–1992)Technical informat...

 

John Wesley

John Wesley John Wesley (Epworth, 28 giugno 1703 – Londra, 2 marzo 1791) è stato un teologo inglese che ha fondato il movimento protestante del metodismo. È commemorato dalla Chiesa anglicana il 3 marzo. Il metodismo ha avuto tre tappe fondamentali: la prima all'Università di Oxford con la fondazione del cosiddetto Holy Club (santa associazione), la seconda mentre Wesley era curato nella città statunitense di Savannah, in Georgia, e la terza a Londra, dopo il ritorno di Wesley in Inghil...

Sydney Track Classic

Annual outdoor track and field meeting Sydney Track ClassicThe Sydney Olympic Park complex which contains the meet venueDateFebruary/MarchLocationSydney, Australia Event typeTrack and fieldOfficial siteSydney Track Classic The Sydney Track Classic is an annual outdoor track and field meeting held in February or March at the Sydney Olympic Park Athletic Centre in the suburb of Sydney Olympic Park in Sydney, Australia. It is part of the national Australian Athletics Tour, alongside the Melbourn...

 

Gurat

Gurat Koordinat: 45°25′49″N 0°16′13″E / 45.4302777778°N 0.270277777778°E / 45.4302777778; 0.270277777778NegaraPrancisArondisemenAngoulemeKantonVillebois-LavaletteAntarkomuneCommunauté de communes d'Horte et LavaletteKode INSEE/pos16162 /  Gurat adalah sebuah komune di Charente, Poitou-Charentes, Prancis. Wali kota Yves-Barbet-Massin (2001-2008) Bernard Lagarde (2008-sekarang) Demografi 1962: 198 1968: 261 1975: 216 1982: 234 1990: 210 1999= 184 Bangun...

 

James C. Tison Jr.

NOAA admiral James Tison redirects here. For the Australian pastoralist, see James Tyson. James C. Tison Jr.Born(1908-07-23)July 23, 1908South CarolinaDiedMay 3, 1991(1991-05-03) (aged 82)Charleston, South CarolinaPlace of burialBlack Swamp Methodist Cemetery,Garnett, South CarolinaAllegianceUnited States of AmericaService/branch United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps (1929–1942) United States Army (1942–1947) United States Air Force (1947–1949) United States Coas...

Celtic Media Festival

Music festival gathering in various locations A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view. Please discuss further on the talk page. (September 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may b...

 

Sunny Days (Jars of Clay song)

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for music. Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merge...

 

La Biblia (serie de televisión)

The Bible Serie de televisión Género Cine épicoCreado por Roma DowneyMark BurnettGuion por Richard BedserAlexander MarengoColin SwashNic YoungAdam RosenthalChristopher SpencerAbraham Christen LiandoDirigido por Roma DowneyMark BurnettProtagonistas 66 personasDiogo MorgadoDarwin ShawRoma DowneyLeila MimmackGreg HicksSebastian KnappAmber Rose RevahAdrian SchillerLouise DelamereMatthew GravelleSimon KunzPaul BrightwellFraser AyresMichael LeggePaul Marc DavisPaul FreemanWill HoustonMelia Kreil...

University of Zululand

Public university in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view. (August 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This ...

 

Rishon LeZion Moshe Dayan railway station

Israel Railways station in Rishon LeZion This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Rishon LeZion Moshe Dayan railway station – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Rishon LeZion Moshe Dayanתחנת הרכבת ראשון לציון משה ד�...

 

Plakatwand

Klassische Großflächen-Plakatwand Als Plakatwand oder englisch Billboard bezeichnet man eine zum Zwecke der Werbung im öffentlichen Raum genutzte oder dafür errichtete senkrechte Wandfläche. Sie gehören zur sogenannten Außenwerbung. Plakatwände werden typischerweise an stark frequentierten Ein- und Ausfallstraßen, in Innenstadtbereichen oder in Bahnhöfen aufgestellt. Viele Standorte befinden sich auch im direkten Umfeld von Einkaufsmöglichkeiten wie beispielsweise an den Zufahrten ...

Campionati italiani assoluti di scherma del 1978

Voce principale: Campionati italiani di scherma. Campionati italiani assoluti di scherma del 1978 Competizione Campionati italiani di scherma Sport Scherma Edizione 61ª Organizzatore FIS Date 1978 Luogo  Italia, Salerno Sito web Sito ufficiale Cronologia della competizione 1977 1979 Manuale I Campionati italiani assoluti di scherma del 1978 sono stati organizzati dalla Federazione Italiana Scherma e si sono svolti a Salerno in Campania[1]. Nel fioretto, si sono aggiudicati i ti...

 

Milorad Mažić

Cet article est une ébauche concernant un arbitre serbe de football. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Consultez la liste des tâches à accomplir en page de discussion. Milorad Mažić Fiche d’identité Nationalité Serbe Grade FIFA (2009-2019) Naissance 23 mars 1973 (51 ans)à Vrbas ( Yougoslavie) Sport Football Désignations nationales Années Compétition 2006- Jelen SuperLiga 2009-2012...