Cnabetius

Cnabetius, auch Gnaretius, war ein keltischer Kriegsgott, der im heutigen südwestdeutschen Raum verehrt wurde. In gallo-römischer Zeit wurde er nach der Interpretatio Romana mit dem römischen Gott Mars identifiziert. Einmal wird er, wenn die Lesung richtig ist, zusammen mit Rosmerta erwähnt.

Etymologie und Verbreitung

Der Name Cnabetius ist wahrscheinlich von idg. *kṇbh-etos "verstümmelt" abgeleitet[1][2] abgeleitet. Das würde auf das häufige Motiv des verwundeten Kriegsgottes hinweisen (siehe auch Núadu Argatlám). In einer Weihinschrift aus Osterburken, Baden-Württemberg, wird Cnabetius als „väterlicher Hornbläser Mars Cnabetius“ angerufen.

Vier Inschriften wurden im nördlichen Saarland gefunden[3], davon liegen mindestens zwei im Einflussbereich des Ringwalls von Otzenhausen, also im Stammesgebiet der Treverer. Außerdem ist Cnabetius zweimal in Baden-Württemberg bezeugt.[4]

Siehe auch

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Universität Trier: Götternamen@1@2Vorlage:Toter Link/www.uni-trier.de (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im April 2018. Suche in Webarchiven)  Info: Der Link wurde automatisch als defekt markiert. Bitte prüfe den Link gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.
  2. ↑ Bernhard Maier: Lexikon der keltischen Religion und Kultur. S. 80.
  3. ↑ römische Provinz Gallia Belgica:
    CIL 13, 04507 Wahlschied (Mediomatrici) [D]eo Mar[t]i / [C]nabetio / [B]enignus / [T]asgillus [v](otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) m(erito)
    CIL 13, 04508 Huttigweiler (Mediomatrici) Gnaretio // Ros/mar(tae?) / [1]undus / [3] d(edit?)
    AE 2001, 01411 Schwarzenbach (Treveri) Marti Cnab/etio / C(aius) Elvon(ius) Caddi/marus / DIVMIANO / IT/[
    CIL 13, 04258 Tholey (Treveri) In h(onorem) [d(omus) d(ivinae) I(ovi) O(ptimo) M(aximo)] / et M[arti] / Cna[betio] / G(enio) l(oci) Oco[nius] / Gemi[nus(?) ex] / testa[mento] / Ponti f(ilii?) p[os(uit)]
  4. ↑ römische Provinz Germania superior:
    CIL 13, 06455 Erbstetten In hon[orem] / [d(omus) d(ivinae)] Marti C[n]/abetio sim[u]/lac[r]um Car/tsrcon(?) v(otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) l(aetus) m(erito)
    CIL 13, 06572 Osterburken Paterio / cornice(n) Mar(ti) / Cnabetio / vot(um) r(eddidit) l(ibens) l(aetus) m(erito)

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