Cenomanium

❮ System Serie Stufe ≈ Alter (mya)
❮ später später später jünger
K
 
r
 
e
 
i
 
d
 
e 		Ober­kreide Maastrich­tium 66
⬍
72
Campa­nium 72
⬍
83,6
Santo­nium 83,6
⬍
86,3
Conia­cium 86,3
⬍
89,7
Turo­nium 89,7
⬍
93,9
Cenoma­nium 93,9
⬍
100,5
Unter­kreide Albium 100,5
⬍
112,9
Aptium 112,9
⬍
126,3
Barre­mium 126,3
⬍
130,7
Hauteri­vium 130,7
⬍
133,9
Valangi­nium 133,9
⬍
139,3
Berria­sium 139,3
⬍
145
früher früher früher älter

Das Cenomanium (meist verkürzt als Cenoman bezeichnet) ist in der Erdgeschichte die unterste chronostratigraphische Stufe der Oberkreide. Die Stufe umfasst geochronologisch den Zeitraum von etwa 100,5 bis etwa 93,9 Millionen Jahren. Das Cenoman folgt auf das Albium (Unterkreide) und wird vom Turonium abgelöst.

Am Ende des Cenomans fand ein ozeanisches anoxisches Ereignis statt, das nach seinem Erstbeschreiber Guido Bonarelli italienisch Livello Bonarelli (Bonarelli-Horizont) benannt wurde, englisch Cenomanian Turonian Boundary Event.

Namensgebung und Geschichte

Die ursprüngliche Typlokalität liegt in der Nähe von Le Mans (Département Sarthe, Frankreich). Der (neu-)lateinische Name von Le Mans ist Cenomanum und davon ist der Stufenname abgeleitet. Name und geologische Stufe wurde von Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny 1847 vorgeschlagen.

Definition und GSSP

Die Basis der Stufe ist durch das Erstauftreten der Foraminiferen-Art Rotalipora globotruncanoides definiert. Die Stufe endet mit dem Erstauftreten der Ammoniten-Art Watinoceras devonense. Wichtige Leitfossilien für das Cenomanium sind die Ammoniten-Arten Calycoceras naviculare, Acanthoceras rhotomagense und Mantelliceras mantelli. Der GSSP (globaler Eichpunkt) liegt 36 m unterhalb des Top der Marnes-Bleues-Formation am Mont Risou, Rosans, Département Hautes-Alpes in Südostfrankreich (44°23'33"N, 5°30'43"E).

Bedeutende Fossilien

Mit Argentinosaurus und Giganotosaurus wurden in den entsprechenden Formationen in Argentinien die größten bisher bekannten (jedoch ausgestorbenen) Landlebewesen entdeckt. → Candeleros-Formation

Literatur

  • Felix M. Gradstein, James G. Ogg, Mark D. Schmitz & Gabi M. Ogg: Geologic Time Scale 2020, Vol. 2. Elsevier 2020, ISBN 978-0-12-824363-3
  • Hans Murawski, Wilhelm Meyer: Geologisches Wörterbuch. 10. neu bearb. u. erw. Auflage. Enke Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-432-84100-0.
  • Thomas Meyer: Biostratigraphische und sedimentologische Untersuchungen in der Plänerfazies des Cenoman von Nordwestdeutschland. In: Mitteilungen aus dem Geologischen Institut der Universität Hannover. Heft 30. Hannover 1990, ISSN 0440-2812.
  • Deutsche Stratigraphische Kommission, Manfred Menning (Hrsg.): Stratigraphische Tabelle von Deutschland 2002. Potsdam 2002, ISBN 3-00-010197-7 (1 Blatt, Stratigraphie.de [PDF; 6,6 MB]).

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