Nordamerikansk pungrotte

Amerikansk pungrotte
Bevaringsstatus

Ikke truet  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Videnskabelig klassifikation
RigeAnimalia (Dyr)
RækkeChordata (Chordater)
KlasseMammalia (Pattedyr)
OrdenDidelphimorphia (Pungrotter)
FamilieDidelphidae
SlægtDidelphis
ArtD. virginiana
Videnskabeligt artsnavn
Didelphis virginiana
(Kerr, 1792)
Hjælp til læsning af taksobokse
Didelphis virginiana, den nordamerikanske pungrotte

Den nordamerikanske pungrotte (Didelphis virginiana), også kaldet amerikansk pungrotte eller opossum, er et pungdyr i familien pungrotter (Didelphidae), der lever i Nord- og Mellemamerika.[2] I mange af USA's forstæder er dyret almindeligt og kan ofte ses gå over veje og igennem haver, når natten falder på. Her roder det i affaldsspande efter mad. Trafikdræbte pungrotter ses ofte liggende i vejkanten.[3]

Walt Kellys tegneseriefigur Pogo er en pungrotte. Pelsen anvendes i pelshandlen, men pels med navnet opossum stammer også fra pungræven Trichosurus vulpecula fra Australien. Ordet opossum stammer fra det algonkinske "opassom", der ordret betyder "hvid hund".[2]

Beskrivelse

Den amerikanske pungrotte ligner en stor rotte og er omtrent på størrelse med en huskat. Voksne vejer 4-6 kg, er 40-50 cm lange og har en grå pels, undtagen på hovedet som er hvidt. Halen er nøgen. Den har 50 tænder[4] og kan vise sit gab, når den føler sig truet.

Levevis

Den amerikanske pungrotte er et opportunistisk, altædende dyr, der normalt lever i skove, men også ses i byernes forstæder. Hvis den bliver truet, spiller den død – hvorfra det amerikanske udtryk "playing possum" stammer. Den lever et par år.[5]

Udbredelse

Arten findes fra Costa Rica i syd til det sydlige Canada i nord. Den har de seneste år (2005) tilsyneladende udvidet sit udbredelsesområde mod nord.[1] Det er det eneste pungdyr, der lever nord for Mexico.

Noter

  1. ^ a b Cuarón, A. D.; Emmons, L.; Helgen, K.; Reid, F.; Lew, D.; Patterson, B.; Delgado, C.; Solari, S. (2008). Didelphis virginiana. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2008. Hentet den 28 December 2008.
  2. ^ a b Den Danske Ordbog: Opslaget "opossum"
  3. ^ "Virginia Opossum". Mass Audubon. Arkiveret fra originalen 29. december 2010. Hentet 11. maj 2011. Opossums are frequently encountered as corpses along highways. Some biologists believe that many die as they feed on road-killed animals – a favorite food. Others believe that the opossums’ small brain (5 times smaller than that of a raccoon) suggests that they may just be too dumb to get out of the way of vehicles!
  4. ^ Wildlife Directory: Virginia Opossum — Living with Wildlife — University of Illinois Extension Arkiveret 13. maj 2018 hos Wayback Machine. Hentet 2017-02-28.
  5. ^ Virginia Opossum. Didelphis virginiana Arkiveret 24. oktober 2007 hos Wayback Machine. Great Plains Nature Center. accessed Oct. 15, 2007

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