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A-10 Thunderbolt II

Fairchild-Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II
Beskrivelse
TypeIldstøttefly
Besætning1
Jomfruflyvning10. maj 1972
I aktiv tjenestemarts 1977
UdgaverA-10A
A-10C
FabrikantFairchild Industries
BrugereUnited States Air Force United States Air Force
KrigeGolfkrigen (1991)
Krigen i Afghanistan (2001-i dag)
Irakkrigen (2003-i dag)
Dimensioner
Længde16,16 m
Spændvidde17,42 m
Højde4,42 m
Vingeareal47,0 m²
Tomvægt9.761 kg
Maksimal startvægt23.000 kg
MotorGeneral Electric TF34-GE-100 turbofans
Motorydelse40.32 kN hver
Tophastighed676 km/t
Ydeevne
Marchhastighed560 km/t
Rækkevidde1.000 km
Tophøjde13.600 m
Stigeevne30 m/s
Bevæbning
Skyts1× 30 mm GAU-8/A Avenger Gatling-maskinkanon (kapacitet 1.350 skud)
Andet
8 stationer under vingerne og 3 under kroppen
A-10 Thunderbolt II

A-10 Thunderbolt II er et ildstøttefly, som er beregnet til at angribe jordmål, herunder specielt kampvogne. De ting man havde lært under 2. Verdenskrig for at kunne overleve luftværnsild (f.eks. selvtættende benzintanke), var gået i glemmebogen med indførelsen af overlydsfly. Doktrinen var at luftkampe skulle udkæmpes med missiler, der var altødelæggende. Under Vietnamkrigen gik jetjagere i lav højde tabt pga. mindre sprængstykker fra luftværnsgranater. Amerikanernes erfaringer fra 1965-73 blev brugt til at designe A-10. Flyets opbygning tillader, at dets missioner foregår i lav højde med relativ lav hastighed. Rigelig motorkraft og vingeareal sammen med redundante, og fysisk adskilte, styrekredsløb gør flyet meget lidt sårbart overfor skader, og med den kraftige pansring af cockpitsektionen er flyet kun lidt sårbart og i stand til at flyve med endda omfangsrige skader.[1]

Der er en mening med flyets særlige udseende. Motorernes placering i forhold til haleplanet giver en diffus infrarød signatur, hvilket betyder, at det er svært at se den varme motorudstødning fra jorden, fordi halen skygger. Det gør det sværere at ramme flyet med varmesøgende missiler som f.eks. Stinger. Sammen med udskydning af flares med korte mellemrum har flyet pæne chancer for overlevelse i lav højde over fjendeland.

Bevæbningen er ligeledes speciel, idet flyet med sin syvløbede 30 mm gatling maskinkanon ubetinget bærer det kraftigste våben af sin art. AC-130 er kun delvis sammenlignelig med sine 40 mm og 105 mm kanoner. Thunderbolt kan med sin 30 mm kanon og projektiler af bl.a. forarmet uran nedkæmpe kampvogne og andre pansrede køretøjer. Skudhastigheden er 4.200 skud i minuttet, og da flyet kun kan lades op med 1174/1350 skud (alt efter kilde), er der fornuft i, at kanonens mekanik giver mulighed for byger på 1 og 2 sekunder for at spare på ammunitionen og forhindre overophedning. Rygtet om at kanonens rekyl kan standse flyet i luften og føre til styrt er stærkt overdrevet. En hastighedssænkning kan registreres, men er uden betydning. Derimod er kanonen anbragt forskudt i forhold til symmetriaksen for at tage højde for rekylpåvirkningen fra det skydende løb. En anden skrøne går ud på, at motorerne vil kvæles (flame-out) af de iltfattige krudtgasser ved lange byger. Problemet er ikke irrelevant, men motorernes placering højt på flyets bagkrop holder dem væk fra krudtgasserne, der ledes ud på flyets underside.

Bevæbning

Foruden maskinkanonen er der elleve våbenophæng på flyet, 8 under vingerne og tre under kroppen med kapacitet til 7.260 kg og mulighed for at bære en kombination af nedenstående:

  • Raketter
    • 4× LAU-61/LAU-68 raketbeholdere (med henholdsvis 19×/7× Hydra 70 mm raketter i hver)
    • 4× LAU-5003 raketbeholdere (med 19× CRV7 70 mm raketter i hver)
    • 6× LAU-10 raketbeholdere (med 4× 127 mm Zuni raketter i hver)
  • Missiler
  • Bomber
  • Andet:
    • SUU-42A/A til Flares Infrarød vildledning og chaff
    • AN/ALQ-131 eller AN/ALQ-184 ECM pods
    • Lockheed Martin Sniper XR eller LITENING måludpegningpods (kun A-10C)
    • 2× 2275 liter Sargent Fletcher droptanke til udvidet rækkevidde/flyvetid.

Eksterne henvisninger

  1. ^ "aircraftressourcecenter.com: Gulf War 2 Battle Damaged A-10". Arkiveret fra originalen 11. november 2020. Hentet 31. januar 2015.

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