Cyflafan Jenin

Cyflafan Jenin
Enghraifft o:brwydr Edit this on Wikidata
Dyddiad2002 Edit this on Wikidata
Rhan oOperation Defensive Shield Edit this on Wikidata
LleoliadJenin Edit this on Wikidata
Map
GwladwriaethGwladwriaeth Palesteina Edit this on Wikidata
Tudalen Comin Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Gomin Wicimedia
Bwldoser arfog Israelaidd a ddefnyddiwyd i ddymchwel tai yn Jenin.
Llun awyr o ganol y gwersyll ar ôl yr ymosodiad.

Digwyddodd Cyflafan Jenin (enw'r Palesteiniaid, Amnest Rhyngwladol, UNRWA a'r Cenhedloedd Unedig am y digwyddiad) neu Brwydr Jenin (enw'r Israeliaid ac eraill arno) o'r 3ydd i'r 11eg o Ebrill, 2002 yng ngwersyll ffoaduriaid Jenin, a reolir gan Awdurdod Cenedlaethol Palesteina ac sy'n cael ei redeg gan UNRWA, yn Y Lan Orllewinol, Palesteina. Ymosododd unedau Llu Amddiffyn Israel (IDF) ar Jenin fel rhan o'r hyn a elwir gan Israel yr "Ymgyrch Tarian Amddiffynnol" (Operation Defensive Shield), yn ystod yr Intifada Al-Aqsa (neu'r Ail Intifada).

Fel rhan o'r ymgyrch aeth yr IDF i mewn i sawl dinas a thref yn y Lan Orllewinol. Un o'r targedau oedd Jenin a'i gwersyll ffoaduriad am ei bod, yn ôl yr Israeliaid, "yn gwasanaethu fel canolfan i lawnsio sawl ymosodiad terfysgol" yn erbyn Israel.

Yn ystod yr ymladd yn y gwersyll, sibrydid fod cyflafan yn digwydd yno. Roedd Jenin wedi cael ei hamgylchynu gan yr Israeliaid, ond adroddwyd fod sifiliaid Palesteinaidd yn cael eu claddu'n fyw dan eu cartrefi wrth iddynt gael eu dinistrio gan fwldosers arfog yr IDF, bod hofrenyddion Israelaidd yn "saethu heb wahaniaethu at ardal sifilaidd", a bod yr Israeliaid yn gwrthod i ambiwlansus a gweithwyr parafeddygol fynd i mewn am 10 diwrnod gan adael i'r anafiedig waedu i farwolaeth.[1] Ar ôl i'r Israeliaid dynnu allan, cafwyd fod rhannau sylweddol o wersyll Jenin wedi'u dinistrio. Roedd rhwng 52 a 56 o Balesteiniaid wedi eu lladd, gyda hyd at 26 ohonynt yn sifiliaid (mae'r ffigyrau yn ddadleuol, gyda Israel yn dweud mai dim ond 5 o sifiliaid a laddwyd). Anafwyd rhai cannoedd o Balesteiniaid, tua eu hanner yn sifiliaid. Lladdwyd 23 o filwyr yr IDF gan wrthsafwyr Palesteinaidd, a oedd yn cynnwys aelodau o Fatah, Hamas a'r Jihad Islamig.

Gwneud a gwadu

Mae llywodraeth Israel yn gwadu fod cyflafan wedi digwydd yn Jenin. Ond cyfaddefodd Ariel Sharon, Prif Weinidog Israel, mai pwrpas yr 'Ymgyrch Taran Amddiffynnol' oedd dysgu gwers galed i'r Palesteiniaid. Ar ddechrau'r ymgyrch, dywedodd: "The Palestinians must be hit, and it must be very painful. We must cause them losses, victims, so that they feel a heavy price."[2] Dyma ddisgrifiad llygad-dyst gan un o yrwyr y bwldosers arfog Israelaidd: "Many people were inside houses we started to demolish. They would come out of the houses we where working on. I didn't see, with my own eyes, people dying under the blade of the D-9. and I didn't see house falling down on live people. But if there were any, I wouldn't care at all. ... I am sure people died inside these houses."[3]

Cyfeiriadau

  1. ↑ "Ten-day ordeal in crucible of Jenin" 14.04.2002 The Guardian.
  2. ↑ "Streets Red With Blood" 18.03.2002 Archifwyd 2010-10-22 yn y Peiriant Wayback Time.
  3. ↑ Disgrifiad llygad-dyst, aelod o'r IDF Archifwyd 2009-03-23 yn y Peiriant Wayback ar wefan y mudiad heddwch Israelaidd Gush Shalom.

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