Černýš lesní

Jak číst taxoboxČernýš lesní
alternativní popis obrázku chybí
Černýš lesní (Melampyrum sylvaticum)
Vědecká klasifikace
Říšerostliny (Plantae)
Podříšecévnaté rostliny (Tracheobionta)
Odděleníkrytosemenné (Magnoliophyta)
Třídavyšší dvouděložné (Rosopsida)
Řádhluchavkotvaré (Lamiales)
Čeleďzárazovité (Orobanchaceae)
Rodčernýš (Melampyrum)
Binomické jméno
Melampyrum sylvaticum
Linné, 1753
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Černýš lesní[1] (Melampyrum sylvaticum) je poloparazitická a slabě jedovatá jednoletá bylina z čeledi zárazovité. Kvete od června do září.[2]

Popis

Černýš lesní je bylina s přímou lodyhou vysokou obvykle 10–40 cm. Listy jsou kopinaté. Květ je velký přibližně 1 cm. Květenstvím jsou řídké hrozny, koruna je zbarvená do žluta. Plodem je po obou stranách pukající tobolka. Semena jsou drobná, šíří se převážně pomocí anemochorie.[3][4] Je poloparazitický, k hostitelské rostlině se přichycuje pomocí svých kořenů a odebírá jí živiny.[5]

Detail květů černýše lesního

Výskyt

Černýš lesní roste převážně ve střední a severní Evropě, a to i za polárním kruhem, ve Skandinávii a na severu Ruska, a v evropských pohořích. Vyskytuje se také na Britských ostrovech a na Islandu. Na jihu Evropy zcela chybí. V ČR je hojný na Šumavě a v Krušných horách, vyskytuje se od podhůří do hor, v nižších polohách je vzácnější nebo chybí úplně. Roste na vřesovištích, v lesích, na loukách a podél cest.[2][3] V Algavských Alpách roste až do nadmořské výšky 1980 m n. m.[6]

Odkazy

Reference

  1. ↑ biolib [online]. [cit. 2023-11-05]. Dostupné online. 
  2. ↑ a b Botanickafotogalerie.cz
  3. ↑ a b Botany.cz
  4. ↑ Cs.wikiversity.org
  5. ↑ Melampyrum sylvaticum - černýš lesní [online]. Herbář Wendys [cit. 2023-11-05]. Dostupné online. 
  6. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert: Flora des Allgäus und seiner Umgebung. Band 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1, s. 459. (německy)

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