Vruboun posvátný

Jak číst taxoboxVruboun posvátný
alternativní popis obrázku chybí
Vruboun posvátný
Vědecká klasifikace
Říšeživočichové (Animalia)
Kmenčlenovci (Arthropoda)
Třídahmyz (Insecta)
Řádbrouci (Coleoptera)
Podřádvšežraví (Polyphaga)
InfrařádScarabaeiformia
NadčeleďScarabaeoidea
Čeleďvrubounovití (Scarabaeidae)
Rodvruboun (Scarabaeus)
Binomické jméno
Scarabaeus sacer
Linnaeus, 1758
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Vruboun posvátný (Scarabaeus sacer), označovaný také jen krátce skarabeus či skarab, je brouk z čeledi vrubounovití (Scarabaeidae). Žije ve Středomoří. Samička naklade larvy do kuličky uhnětené z trusu, kterou posléze zahrabe do země. Vyvíjející se larva se živí trusem.[1]

Do skupiny vrubounovitých patří i extrémně silní brouci (včetně samotného vrubouna), schopní uzvednout nebo utáhnout břemeno o stonásobcích jejich vlastní tělesné hmotnosti.[2]

Symbol reinkarnace

Vruboun posvátný byl pro Egypťany symbolem Boha Re. Obyvatelé starověkého Egypta věřili, že existují pouze v samičí formě, a proto si mysleli, že vznikají sami ze sebe.

Za obzvláště mocné byli považováni skarabeové okřídlení. Amulety v jejich podobě kladli Egypťané mumiím přímo na srdce. Na jejich spodní straně byla vyryta slova 30. kapitoly Knihy mrtvých.

Skarabové valící svou kuličku

Taxonomie

Druh Scarabaeus sacer poprvé popsal Carl Linné v roce 1758 v 10. vydání Systema naturae. Vruboun posvátný se tak stal typovým druhem rodu Scarabaeus, i přes spory vyvolané typovým popisem P. A. Latreillea z roku 1810.[3] Spor rozhodla Mezinárodní komise pro zoologickou nomenklaturu (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature) v roce 2014, kdy se přiklonila k typovému druhu S. sacer F. W. Hopea z roku 1837, spíše než Latreilleově určení typového druhu z roku 1810 (Dynastes hercules).[4]

Odkazy

Reference

  1. ↑ Tomas Hluska. BioLib.cz – Scarabaeus sacer (Vruboun posvátný) [online]. BioLib.cz [cit. 2018-01-22]. Dostupné online. 
  2. ↑ https://www.stoplusjednicka.cz/lamzelezove-bez-publika-kdo-jsou-nejvetsi-silaci-mezi-zviraty
  3. ↑ Tristão Branco. Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) of Portugal: genus-group names and their type species. Zootaxa. 2007, s. 1–31. Dostupné online. 
  4. ↑ izcn.org

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