Papyrus Edwina Smithe

Papyrus Edwina Smithe, desky VI a VII, které popisují zranění obličeje

Papyrus Edwina Smithe je lékařský text ze starověkého Egypta popisující řešení 48 chirurgických případů. Pochází zhruba z roku 1600 před naším letopočtem a je pojmenovaný po svém nálezci, americkém egyptologovi Edwinu Smithovi. Svitek má necelých 5 metrů na délku, odhaduje se u něj zachování zhruba čtvrtiny původního textu.[1][2] Mezi uvedenými případy je rovněž vůbec nejstarší doložený popis rakoviny, kterou papyrus řadí mezi beznadějné (neléčitelné) případy.[3]

Léčba

Papyrus obsahuje jednak řešení jednotlivých poranění chirurgickými zákroky, ale i případné využití léčebných prostředků – obvazů, výztuh, rovnátek a také léků. Jednotlivé rány jsou detailně popsány co se týče jejich hloubky, zasažení kostí, možného průniku kostí k vnitřním orgánům a důsledků, které z toho pro lidský organismus vyplývají. Lékař zde využívá jak svůj zrak, tak i čich a hmat. Uvedeny jsou i případné otázky pro pacienta a rady jak provést potřebný pohyb. Pouze v jednom ze 16 beznadějných případů text radí použití magie.[1][2]

Odkazy

Reference

  1. ↑ a b ŘÍHOVÁ, Milada a kolektiv autorů. Kapitoly z dějin lékařství. Praha: Karolinum, 2005. 140 s. ISBN 80-246-1021-3. S. 17–18. 
  2. ↑ a b PORTER, Roy. Největší dobrodiní lidstva. Překlad Jaroslav Hořejší. 1. vyd. Praha: Prostor, 2001. 812 s. ISBN 80-7260-052-4. S. 66. 
  3. ↑ The History of Cancer [online]. American Cancer Society, 2009. Dostupné online. 

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