Manóza

Manóza
Cyklické formy manózy
Cyklické formy manózy
Lineární forma manózy
Lineární forma manózy
Obecné
Systematický názevD-manóza: (3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2,3,4,5-tetrol
Triviální názevmanóza, manosa
Sumární vzorecC6H12O6
Identifikace
Registrační číslo CAS31103-86-3
Vlastnosti
Molární hmotnost180,156 g/mol
Teplota tání133 °C ; L-manóza: 129–131 °C
Není-li uvedeno jinak, jsou použity
jednotky SI a STP (25 °C, 100 kPa).
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Manóza (mannosa) je monosacharid s šesti uhlíky (hexóza) a aldehydovou skupinou (aldóza). Je jedním z biologicky významných sacharidů. Je 2-epimerem D-glukosy (tzn. cukry se liší jen konfigurací na druhém atomu uhlíku). Důležitým zdrojem manózy jsou kvasné produkty, protože buněčná stěna kvasinek obsahuje velké množství mananů (polymanosylových řetězců). Manóza je součástí jádra N-glykosidicky vázaných oligosacharidů, v nichž může také tvořit manosylové antény (ramena) (manózový a hybridní typ N-glykanů).

Biosyntéza a degradace

Biosyntéza vychází z glukózy, která je převedena na fruktózu, poté následuje redukční epimerizace keto skupiny fruktózy a oxidaci -OH skupiny na C1.

Při degradaci je nejprve manóza fosforylována kinasou na manóza-6-fosfát a pak převedena na odpovídající ketózu (což je fruktóza), dále už běží standardní glykolýza.

Biologicky významné deriváty

  • L-rhamnóza
    L-rhamnóza
  • kyselina N-acetylneuraminová (kyselina sialová)
    kyselina N-acetylneuraminová (kyselina sialová)
  • manózový typ N-glykanu
    manózový typ N-glykanu

Související články

Externí odkazy

Sacharidy
Monosacharidy
Aldózy
Ketózy
Oligosacharidy
Polysacharidy

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