Kofilin

Kofilin

Kofiliny (též rodina ADF/kofilin) představují malou skupinu proteinů o velikosti asi 15 kDa,[1] které se vážou na monomerický i polymerovaný aktin a ovlivňuje jeho vlastnosti. Jednobuněčné eukaryotické organismy mají obvykle jen jeden kofilinový protein, živočichové jako myš či člověk mají rovnou tři: kofilin-1, kofilin-2 a ADF.[2]

Funkce

Kofilin se váže převážně na takové aktinové podjednotky, které mají navázaný ADP a nikoliv ATP. Po vazbě kofilin urychluje uvolnění fosfátu (Pi) z takové aktinové podjednotky, čímž vyvolává depolymeraci (rozpad) aktinových mikrofilament. Tomu pomáhá i schopnost kofilinů stimulovat příčné zlomy v aktinových vláknech („severing“).[1] Ze současných výzkumů je ovšem jasné, že pole působnosti kofilinu je mnohem širší. Udává se, že reaguje jako senzor na téměř jakoukoliv fyziologickou změnu v prostředí a vyvolává odpověď na ni. Za určitých okolností dokonce vytváří hyperstabilní aktinové polymery, které jsou příznačné pro některé patologie.[3]

Reference

  1. ↑ a b HIGGS, Henry N. Encyclopedia Of Biological Chemistry, Four-volume Set, 1-4. [s.l.]: [s.n.] Kapitola Actin Assembly/Disassembly. 
  2. ↑ VARTIAINEN, M. K.; MUSTONEN, T.; MATTILA, P. K., et al. The three mouse actin-depolymerizing factor/cofilins evolved to fulfill cell-type-specific requirements for actin dynamics. Mol Biol Cell.. 2002, roč. 13, čís. 1, s. 183–94. Dostupné online. ISSN 1059-1524. 
  3. ↑ GALKIN, V. E.; ORLOVA, A.; KUDRYASHOV, D. S., et al. Remodeling of actin filaments by ADF/cofilin proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.. 2011, roč. 108, čís. 51, s. 20 568 – 20 572. Dostupné online. ISSN 1091-6490. 

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