José Gervasio Artigas

José Gervasio Artigas
Narození19. června 1764
Montevideo
Úmrtí23. září 1850 (ve věku 86 let)
Paraguay
Povolánípolitik, voják a důstojník
ChoťRafaela Villagrán (1805–1810)
Melchora Cuenca (od 1815)
Partner(ka)Isabel Sánchez Velásquez
Clara Gómez Alonso
RodičeFrancisca Antonia Arnal
PříbuzníManuel Francisco Artigas (bratr)
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Pomník José Artigase v Santiago de Chile

José Gervasio Artigas (19. červen 1764, Montevideo – 23. září 1850, v Ibiray nedaleko Asunciónu) byl uruguayský generál a politik.[1][2][3]

Život

Jeho rodiči byli Martín José Artigas a Francisca Antonia Arnal.[4] V letech 1806–1807 bojoval proti britskému vpádu do místokrálovství Río de la Plata. V období 1811–1814 za osvobození Uruguaye od španělské nadvlády a mezi lety 1811–1812 proti portugalskému vojsku v Uruguayi.

Jeho úsilí o federativní uspořádání Argentiny s autonomní provincií vyvolalo od roku 1813 trvalý konflikt s centralistickou vládou v Buenos Aires, které formálně podléhal a která se ho v roce 1814 pokusila vojensky přivést k poslušnosti. V roce 1815, po odchodu vládního vojska z Montevidea, se stal nejvyšší autoritou v zemi.

V roce 1816 čelil vpádu portugalského vojska vyslaného dobýt uruguayské území. Po několika porážkách a po ztrátě Montevidea 20. ledna 1817 vedl proti okupantům partyzánskou válku. V roce 1819 podlehl portugalské materiální převaze. Od roku 1820 žil v exilu v Paraguayi. Artigas je v zemi považován za národního hrdinu; jeho portrét je na několika uruguayských mincích.

Reference

V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku José Gervasio Artigas na slovenské Wikipedii.

  1. ↑ José Gervasio Artigas In: buscabiografias.com
  2. ↑ Biografia de José Gervasio Artigas. www.biografiasyvidas.com [online]. [cit. 2016-06-25]. Dostupné online. 
  3. ↑ 19 de junio de 1764: nace José Gervasio Artigas. uruguayeduca.edu.uy [online]. [cit. 2016-06-25]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 2016-06-27. 
  4. ↑ PIGNA, Felipe. Biografías :: Jose Gervasio Artigas. www.elhistoriador.com.ar [online]. [cit. 2016-06-25]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 2017-09-20. 

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