Dicer

Enzym Dicer, barevně vyznačený různé podjednotky. Zeleně jsou dvě RNázové III podjednotky, PAZ doména umožňující vazbu na konec RNA je žlutě

Dicer (výslovnost [daɪsə]) je endoribonukleáza, která katalyzuje hydrolytické štěpení jistých RNA, čímž umožňuje vznik 20–30 nukleotidů dlouhých molekul, známých jako miRNA a siRNA. Účastní se tedy procesu RNA interference. Patří do rodiny RNáz III, které všechny účinkují na dvouvláknové RNA (dsRNA), což je zcela ve shodě s poznatky o enzymu dicer[1] – prekurzorovými molekulami jsou dvouvláknové buď pre-miRNA či jisté (např. virové) dsRNA.[2] U C. elegans je jediný zástupce dicerové rodiny proteinů, u drozofily dva (jeden na siRNA, druhý na miRNA) a u huseníčku čtyři.[1] Po odstranění jednoho vlákna se dicer (spolu s jedním z vláken sestříhaného oligonukleotidu siRNA nebo miRNA) stává součástí RISC komplexu.[1]

Reference

  1. ↑ a b c CARTHEW, R. W.; SONTHEIMER, E. J. Origins and Mechanisms of miRNAs and siRNAs. Cell.. 2009, roč. 136, čís. 4, s. 642–55. Dostupné online. ISSN 1097-4172. 
  2. ↑ POLLARD, Thomas D; EARNSHAW, William C. Cell Biology. 2. vyd. [s.l.]: Saunders, 2007. 928 s. ISBN 1416022554. 
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