Derviš

Turecký derviš, šedesátá léta 19. století

Derviš či dervíš (arabsky a persky: درویش) je arabský termín označující stoupence islámské alternativní religiozity,[1] dervišem je často míněn člen súfijského mystického řádu (taríka). Dervišové žijí v extrémní chudobě a většinou mystickou cestou se snaží přiblížit se Bohu. Používají při tom nestandardní techniky, např. příslušníci řádu mauláwíja mají zvláštní zikr zahrnující tančení v kruzích.

V severní Africe jsou dervišové nahlíženi podobně jako marabuti, kteří inklinují k mystickým liniím islámu nebo islám propojují s tradičními africkými náboženstvími. V Súdánu stále působí afričtí dervišové, kteří se dostávají do extatického vytržení pomocí tance a bubnování za zvuku zpívaných modliteb.[2] Také tito černí dervišové – v Súdánu často s jizvovým tetováním v obličeji, které označuje klanovou příslušnost – mají blízko k tradičním lokálním náboženstvím. V Súdánu je každý rok pořádán velký festival dervišů, kde je možné pozorovat stovky černých dervišů při extatických tancích a zpívaných modlitbách.[2]

Kulturní reference

Reference

  1. ↑ MENDEL, Miloš. Dervíš. In: HORYNA, Břetislav; PAVLINCOVÁ, Helena. Judaismus, křesťanství, islám. Olomouc: Nakladatelství Olomouc, 2003. ISBN 80-7182-165-9. S. 532.
  2. ↑ a b HAVELKA, Ondřej. Marabut – esenciální postava černého islámu [online]. Dingir, 2022-12-03 [cit. 2023-06-07]. Dostupné online. 
  3. ↑ Supraphon, Datum vydání: 21. 3. 2008.

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Externí odkazy

  • Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu Derviš na Wikimedia Commons
  • Téma Derviš ve Wikicitátech
  • Slovníkové heslo derviš ve Wikislovníku
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