Carolus Clusius

Carolus Clusius
Narození19. února 1525 nebo 1. března 1526
Arras
Úmrtí4. dubna 1609
Leiden
Alma materGentská univerzita
Wittenberská univerzita
Marburská univerzita
Stará univerzita v Lovani
Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier
PracovištěUniverzita v Leidenu (1593–1609)
Oborbotanika
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Carolus Clusius, francouzsky Charles l´Ecluse (19. února 1526, Arras4. dubna 1609, Leiden) byl vlámský, francouzsky hovořící průkopník moderní botaniky a odborného zahradnictví.[1]

Život

Hořec Clusiův

Vystudoval lékařství na univerzitě v Montpellier, ale medicínu nikdy neprovozoval. Navštěvoval též univerzity v Lovani, Marburgu, Wittenbergu, Frankfurtu a Štrasburku. Roku 1573 odešel do Vídně, kde byl jmenován ředitelem císařské zahrady Maxmiliána II., proslavené zejména tulipány. Clusius s nimi dělal mnoho šlechtitelských pokusů a založil tak, byť paradoxně ve Vídni, slavnou holandskou školu jejich pěstování. Měl též podíl na průniku brambor, tabáku, jírovce, šeříku, platanu a mnoha cibulovin do střední Evropy. Roku 1576 byl Clusius – stejně jako všichni ostatní protestantští dvořané – propuštěn císařem Rudolfem II. Přesto zůstal ve Vídni, věnoval se zde zejména práci na svých botanických spisech, v nichž některé druhy rostlin (zejména horských) popsal jako první. Popsal květenu Rakouska a Uher včetně hub a podnikl několik horských výstupů do východních Alp. V letech 1587–1593 působil ve Frankfurtu nad Mohanem. Roku 1593 byl jmenován profesorem na univerzitě v Leidenu, kde učil až do smrti. Založil zde univerzitní zahradu Hortus Academicus.[2]

Jsou po něj pojmenovány např. hořec Clusiův nebo kamzičník Clusiův.

Odkazy

Reference

Literatura

  • Ottův slovník naučný, heslo de Lecluse, Sv. 15, str. 763

Externí odkazy

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