Supervivència del més apte

Herbert Spencer encunyà l'expressió "supervivència del més apte".

«Supervivència del més apte» és una expressió que resumeix el concepte relacionat amb la competència per sobreviure o predominar. Fou encunyada originalment per Herbert Spencer al seu llibre Principles of Biology («Principis de la biologia») del 1864, en el qual traçà paral·lels entre les seves idees econòmiques amb les idees de Charles Darwin sobre l'evolució mitjançant el procés que Darwin anomenava «selecció natural».

Més endavant, Darwin utilitzà l'expressió «supervivència del més apte» com a sinònim de «selecció natural».[1] L'expressió no estava en la primera versió de l'origen de les espècies, però l'incorporà en posteriors edicions.[2]

L'expressió és una metàfora i no pas una descripció científica.[3]

Vegeu també

Referències

  1. "This preservation of favourable individual differences and variations, and the destruction of those which are injurious, I have called Natural Selection, or the Survival of the Fittest." (Charles Robert Darwin, citat a l'edició de L'origen de les espècies de Bartleby Online
  2. Browne, Janet. «Charles Darwin i la ideologia», 29-07-2016. [Consulta: 22 setembre 2019].
  3. "Evolutionary biologists customarily employ the metaphor 'survival of the fittest,' which has a precise meaning in the context of mathematical population genetics, as a shorthand expression when describing evolutionary processes." Chew, Matthew K.; Laubichler, Manfred D. «PERCEPTIONS OF SCIENCE: Natural -Enemies--Metaphor or Misconception?». Science, vol. 301, 5629, 04-07-2003, pàg. 52-53. DOI: 10.1126/science.1085274 [Consulta: 20 març 2008].

Read other articles:

منتخب أفغانستان تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم بلد الرياضة أفغانستان  الفئة كرة قدم تحت 23 سنة للرجال  [لغات أخرى]‏  رمز الفيفا AFG  مشاركات تعديل مصدري - تعديل   منتخب أفغانستان تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم هو ممثل أفغانستان الرسمي في المنافسات الدولية في كرة القدم في فئة كرة ق...

 

 

Cuban–Catalan mathematician and anarchist (1861–1915) Fernando Tarrida del MármolFernando Tarrida del MármolBorn(1861-08-02)2 August 1861Havana, Cuba, Spanish EmpireDied14 March 1915(1915-03-14) (aged 53)London, United KingdomNationalityCuban-CatalanAlma materUniversity of BarcelonaOccupationMathematicianEraRestorationKnown forAnarchism without adjectivesMovementAnarchism in Spain Fernando Tarrida del Mármol (1861 – 1915) was a mathematics professor born in Cuba an...

 

 

Tedjo Edhy Purdijatno Menteri Koordinator Bidang Politik, Hukum dan Keamanan Indonesia ke-12Masa jabatan27 Oktober 2014 – 12 Agustus 2015PresidenJoko WidodoWakil PresidenJusuf KallaPendahuluDjoko SuyantoPenggantiLuhut Binsar PanjaitanKepala Staf TNI Angkatan Laut ke-21Masa jabatan1 Juli 2008 – 13 November 2009PresidenSusilo Bambang YudhoyonoWakil PresidenJusuf Kalla BoedionoWakilMoekhlas Sidik (2008–09)PendahuluSumardjonoPenggantiAgus SuhartonoKepala Staf Umum ...

Protected area in New South Wales, AustraliaBoonoo Boonoo National ParkNew South WalesIUCN category II (national park) Northern view of Boonoo Boonoo river from the falls lookout platformBoonoo Boonoo National ParkNearest town or cityTenterfieldCoordinates28°49′03″S 152°10′42″E / 28.81750°S 152.17833°E / -28.81750; 152.17833Established1982Area43.77 km2 (16.9 sq mi)[1]Managing authoritiesNational Parks and Wildlife Service (New South ...

 

 

English footballer (born 1989) Jack Colback Colback playing for Sunderland in 2012Personal informationFull name Jack Raymond Colback[1]Date of birth (1989-10-24) 24 October 1989 (age 34)[2]Place of birth Newcastle upon Tyne, EnglandHeight 5 ft 10 in (1.77 m)[3]Position(s) Defensive midfielderTeam informationCurrent team Queens Park RangersNumber 4Youth career1999–2008 SunderlandSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2008–2014 Sunderland 115 (4)2009�...

 

 

Chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react quantitatively Animation of a strong acid–strong base neutralization titration (using phenolphthalein). The equivalence point is marked in red. In chemistry, neutralization or neutralisation (see spelling differences) is a chemical reaction in which acid and a base react with an equivalent quantity of each other. In a reaction in water, neutralization results in there being no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. T...

 烏克蘭總理Прем'єр-міністр України烏克蘭國徽現任杰尼斯·什米加尔自2020年3月4日任命者烏克蘭總統任期總統任命首任維托爾德·福金设立1991年11月后继职位無网站www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/(英文) 乌克兰 乌克兰政府与政治系列条目 宪法 政府 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 總統辦公室 国家安全与国防事务委员会 总统代表(英语:Representatives of the President of Ukraine) 总...

 

 

Term for American geopolitical dominance For other uses, see American Century (disambiguation). Flag of The United States of America The American Century[1][2] is a characterization of the period since the middle of the 20th century as being largely dominated by the United States in political, economic, and cultural terms. It is comparable to the description of the period 1815–1914 as Britain's Imperial Century.[3] The United States' influence grew throughout the 20t...

 

 

Ancient Lycian town AperlaeἌπερλαιSarcophagus in AperlaiShown within TurkeyLocationAntalya Province, TurkeyCoordinates36°09′34″N 29°46′56″E / 36.15944°N 29.78222°E / 36.15944; 29.78222TypeSettlementPart ofLycia Roman bridge near Aperlae Odeon of Aperlae, Charles Texier, 1882 Aperlae or Aperlai (Ancient Greek: Ἄπερλαι, romanized: Aperlai) was an ancient city on the southern coast of ancient Lycia. It did not play any significant rol...

2002 song by A1 Learn to FlySong by A1from the album Make It Good ReleasedNovember 2002Length3:47LabelSony BMGSongwriter(s) Peter Gordeno Rick Mitra Christian Ingebrigtsen Chris Porter Producer(s)Mike Hedges Learn to Fly is a song originally recorded by British boyband A1, due to be released as the fourth single from the group's third studio album, Make It Good. Written by band member Christian Ingebrigtsen, along with Peter Gordeno, Chris Porter and Rick Mitra, a single release was cancelled...

 

 

1881 shootout in Tombstone, Arizona, United States For the film, see Gunfight at the O.K. Corral (film). O.K. Corral redirects here. For the location, see O.K. Corral (building). The OK Corral redirects here. For the Doctor Who episode, see The Gunfighters. Gunfight at the O.K. CorralTombstone in 1881DateOctober 26, 1881LocationTombstone, Arizona Territory, U.S.31°42′50″N 110°04′03″W / 31.71389°N 110.06750°W / 31.71389; -110.06750Participants Wyatt Earp Mor...

 

 

County in Kansas, United States Not to be confused with Cherokee, Kansas. County in KansasCherokee CountyCountyTri-State Marker (2006)Location within the U.S. state of KansasKansas's location within the U.S.Coordinates: 37°10′N 94°51′W / 37.167°N 94.850°W / 37.167; -94.850Country United StatesState KansasFoundedFebruary 18, 1860Named forCherokee Native AmericansSeatColumbusLargest cityBaxter SpringsArea • Total591 sq mi (1,530...

1984 single by Phil Collins For other uses, see Against All Odds (disambiguation) § Music. Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)Single by Phil Collinsfrom the album Against All Odds: Music from the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack B-sideThe SearchReleased February 1984 (US) 26 March 1984 (UK)[1] Recorded1983Genre Pop[2] soft rock[3] Length3:23LabelAtlanticSongwriter(s)Phil CollinsProducer(s)Arif MardinPhil Collins singles chronology Why Can't It Wait 'Til Mo...

 

 

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Serbian. (December 2015) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Serbian article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wi...

 

 

Luleå Blason de Luleå. Administration Pays Suède Province historique Norrbotten Comté Norrbotten Commune Luleå Paroisse Luleå, Nederluleå, Örnäset Statut de ville 1621 Démographie Population 45 467 hab. (2005) Densité 1 578 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 65° 36′ nord, 22° 09′ est Superficie 2 881 ha = 28,81 km2 Localisation Géolocalisation sur la carte : Suède Luleå Géolocalisation sur la carte ...

American politician (born 1957) Greg WaldenRanking Member of the House Energy and Commerce CommitteeIn officeJanuary 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021Preceded byFrank PalloneSucceeded byCathy McMorris RodgersChair of the House Energy and Commerce CommitteeIn officeJanuary 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019Preceded byFred UptonSucceeded byFrank PalloneChair of the National Republican Congressional CommitteeIn officeJanuary 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017LeaderJohn BoehnerPaul RyanPre...

 

 

FDJ 2016GénéralitésÉquipe Groupama-FDJCode UCI FDJStatut UCI WorldTeamPays  FranceSport Cyclisme sur routeEffectif 33 (dont 3 stagiaires)Manager général Marc MadiotDirecteurs sportifs Yvon Madiot, Thierry Bricaud, Martial Gayant, Frédéric Guesdon, David Han, Sébastien Joly, Franck Pineau, Julien Pinot, Jussi VeikkanenPalmarèsNombre de victoires 20FDJ 2015FDJ 2017modifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata La saison 2016 de l'équipe cycliste FDJ est la vingtième de cette �...

 

 

For the poet, see Oton III de Grandson. Otto de GrandsonOtto I de Grandson, detail from his effigy in Lausanne CathedralBornc. 1238Lausanne, SavoyDied1328Aigle, SavoyAllegianceKingdom of EnglandService/branchSavoyard knightsRankBaron GrandisonOther workLord of the Isles (Channel Islands) Arms of Otto Grandison, Baron Grandison: Paly of six argent and azure, on a bend gules three escallops or.[1] Othon de Grandson from an altar screen from the Cathedral in Lausanne now displayed i...

American jazz and swing drummer and bandleader (1905–1939) Chick WebbBackground informationBirth nameWilliam Henry WebbBorn(1905-02-10)February 10, 1905Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.DiedJune 16, 1939(1939-06-16) (aged 34)Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.GenresJazzOccupation(s)Musician, bandleaderInstrumentDrumsYears activec. 1926-1939Musical artist William Henry Chick Webb (February 10, 1905 – June 16, 1939)[1] was an American jazz and swing music drummer and band leader.[2] ...

 

 

Polish artist Stanisław Ignacy WitkiewiczStanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, ca 1912Born(1885-02-24)24 February 1885Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian EmpireDied18 September 1939(1939-09-18) (aged 54)Jeziory, PolandPen nameWitkacyOccupationWriter, painter, dramatist, philosopher, photographerAlma materKraków Academy of Fine ArtsNotable works Tumor Mózgowicz Shoemakers The Madman and the Nun Farewell to Autumn Insatiability SpouseJadwiga Unrug, m.1923PartnerJadwiga Janczewska [pl...