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La Política de l'etiqueta de preus (en anglès: Price tag policy), és el nom que habitualment es fa servir als mitjans de comunicació israelians, per informar sobre els actes de vandalisme comesos per joves colons fonamentalistes jueus, dirigits contra la població de Palestina, cristians, jueus israelians d'esquerra, ciutadans àrabs d'Israel, i fins i tot contra les Forces de Seguretat d'Israel.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

Segons el diari estatunidenc The New York Times, els joves afirmen que els ciutadans palestins locals i les forces de seguretat israelianes, han de pagar un preu per qualsevol acció realitzada en contra dels assentaments. Els actes de vandalisme i sabotatge dels joves colons sionistes jueus, també es consideren com una tàctica, una estratègia, una doctrina, i una campanya de terrorisme contra els ciutadans dels territoris ocupats palestins.^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]

El terme "política de l'etiqueta de preu", s'aplica als actes de vandalisme israelià, i especialment als actes de vandalisme anti-àrab. Es sospita que aquests actes són l'obra d'individus solitaris o de petits grups radicalitzats. Aquests actuen contra l'Exèrcit israelià, i contra la Policia Civil Palestina, així com contra els llocs de culte cristians i musulmans, i també contra els partits polítics d'esquerra que critiquen als colons israelians.^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20]

En Maig de 2014, el servei secret israelià, el Shin Bet, va dir que els delictes d'odi i la "política de l'etiqueta de preus" eran l'obra d'unes 100 persones provinents principalment de l'assentament israelià de Yitzhar, i d'altres indrets avançats ubicats al damunt dels turons, i que es van inspirar en les idees del Rabí Yitzchak Ginsburgh.^[21]

Ron Ben-Tovim, explica que la comparació d'aquests actes amb una etiqueta de supermercat, i l'ús d'aquest terme és un eufemisme, ja que els actes violents comesos pels colons són incorrectes. Aquestes accions vandàliques tenen com a objectiu inculcar la por en els cors dels palestins. La "política de l'etiqueta de preus", és una forma de terrorisme contra el poble palestí. Si bé en els mitjans de comunicació israelians és habitual qualificar tots els actes perpetrats pels palestins contra els jueus israelians com una forma de terrorisme, aquests mateixos mitjans fan servir un altre terme: "la política de l'etiqueta de preus", per definir els actes de violència comesos pels colons jueus contra els palestins. L'objectiu dels colons israelians, és enviar un missatge al govern israelià, i espantar a les seves víctimes, els ciutadans palestins.^[22]

Referències

↑ Amos N. Guiora, Tolerating Intolerance: The Price of Protecting Extremism, Oxford University Press, 2014 p.107.
↑ Nir Hasson, ‘Jerusalem Christians are latest targets in recent spate of 'price tag' attacks,’ at Haaretz, 21 febrer 2012.
↑ Nir Hasson/Associated Press, 'Monastery near Jerusalem defaced in suspected 'price tag' attack,' at Haaretz 21 agost 2013.’ Jewish extremists originally used the term “price tag” to describe vandalism and violence that targeted Israelis as well as Palestinians and was aimed at preventing or avenging evacuations of West Bank settlers.’
↑ Joshua Mitnick, ‘Mosque is torched in Israel,’ in Wall Street Journal, 4 octubre 2011.'Vandals scrawled "price tag" in Hebrew on a wall outside the mosque, referring to a campaign of retribution by fundamentalist Israeli youths against Palestinians in the West Bank..'
↑ Oz Rosenberg, 'Home of Israeli left-wing activist defaced in latest 'price tag' act,' in Haaretz, 12 setembre 2011.
↑ Dale Gavlak, 'Price Tag' Israeli Extremists Target Christians,' Christianity Today 13 maig 2014
↑ Yifa Yaakov, 'Arab Israeli complains of Galilee price tag attack,' The Times of Israel 21 abril 2014,
↑ B'tselem, Background on violence by settlers,' 2011:'In recent years, settlers have carried out violent acts under the slogan "price tag." These are acts of random violence aimed at the Palestinian population and Israel Defense Forces and Israeli police.'
↑ Isabel Kershner, Mosque Set on Fire in Northern Israel, at New York Times, 3 octubre 2011:'The attack followed a series of similar assaults on mosques in the West Bank by arsonists suspected of being radical settlers as part of a campaign known as "price tag," which seeks to exact a price from local Palestinians for violence against settlers or from Israeli security forces for taking action against illegal construction in Jewish outposts in the West Bank.'
↑ Uri Friedman, The 'Price Tag' Menace: Vigilante Israeli Settler Attacks Spread Arxivat 2013-06-06 a Wayback Machine., at The Atlantic Wire, 3 octubre 2011:'The New York Times defines price tag attacks as incidents in which radical Jewish settlers "exact a price from local Palestinians or from the Israeli security forces for any action taken against their settlement enterprise".'
↑ Ben Schott, 'Schott's Vocab: A Miscellany of Modern Words & Phrases,' in New York Times, 1 juny 2011.
↑ David Khalfa, 'After the Gaza Withdrawal: The Settler’s Struggle Over the Meaning of the Israeli National Identity,’ in Elisabeth Marteu (ed.) Civil Organizations and Protest Movements in Israel: Mobilisation around the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Palgrave Macmillan 2009 pp.27-51 p.42: These radical settlers, about a few hundred people, launched a new tactic called euphemistically “price tag”.'
↑ United Nations Report of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People,^{[Enllaç no actiu]} United Nations General Assembly 65th Session,Supplement No.35 2010 p.10)
↑ Daniel Byman A High Price: The Triumphs and Failures of Israeli Counterterrorism, Oxford University Press/Saban Center, Brookings Institution, 2011 p.290: ‘Radicals espouse a “price tag” doctrine.'
↑ Miriam Fendius Elman, Oded Haklai, Hendrik Spruyt ‘Democracy and Peacemaking in Protracted Conflicts:The Israeli Case,’ Miriam Fendius Elman, Oded Haklai, Hendrik Spruyt (eds.) Democracy and Conflict Resolution: The Dilemmas of Israel's Peacemaking, Syracuse University Press, 2014 pp.1-26, pp.16-17 n,16: ‘settlement supports have been successful in recent years by threatening violent resistance to settlement dismantlement and by resorting to vigilante tactics to prevent further disengagement (e.g., the “price tag campaign” whereby attempts to evacuate illegal settlements have been met with the destruction of Palestinian property and the targeting of Palestinian civilians.)’
↑ Michael Karpin, Imperfect Compromise: A New Consensus Among Israelis and Palestinians, Potamac Books, 2013 p.26.
↑ Eli Ashkenazi,'Vandals scrawl 'Death to Arabs' on window of Druze business in northern Israel,' Haaretz 7 maig 2014.
↑ Nir Hasson, ‘Jerusalem Christians are latest targets in recent spate of 'price tag' attacks,’ at Haaretz, 21 febrer 2012.‘The attack on the Narkis Street Baptist Congregation marks the latest in a series of price tag attacks that have targeted Muslim, Christian and left-wing institutions in the capital over the last two months. But police believe most of the vandalism is not the work of an organized group; rather, they say, the spray-painted slogans are largely copycat actions carried out by lone individuals. The original price tag attacks, in contrast, were thought to be the work of a group of settlers seeking to set a "price tag" on house demolitions in the settlements via retaliatory attacks on Palestinians and/or Israeli soldiers. ‘
↑ Nir Hasson/Associated Press, 'Monastery near Jerusalem defaced in suspected 'price tag' attack,' at Haaretz 21 agost 2013.‘Dr. Gadi Gvaryahu, Chairman of the Bright Tag organization working to deter violent “price tag” attacks against Palestinians, said in of the attack: “The violation of the monastery is directly linked to attacks against over twenty Christian and Muslim places of worship in the last three years. The attackers seek to cause unrest between the various religions in Israel and bring about bloodshed”.’
↑ Ahiya Raved, 'Fire heavily damages Church of Loaves and Fishes on Sea of Galilee,' Ynet 18 juny 2015. According to Rabbis for Human Rights states that 43 such hate crime attacks have been made against churches, mosques and monasteries in Israel, the West Bank and East Jerusalem since 2009.
↑ Amos Harel, Revital Hovel, Jack Khoury,'Security sources: 100 followers of racist rabbi are behind hate crimes,' Haaretz 8 maig 2014.
↑ Ron Ben-Tovim 'Stop Calling Hate Crimes 'price Tag Attacks' It's Offensive,' Haaretz 5 agost 2015.

[1] Amos N. Guiora, Tolerating Intolerance: The Price of Protecting Extremism, Oxford University Press, 2014 p.107.

[2] Nir Hasson, ‘Jerusalem Christians are latest targets in recent spate of 'price tag' attacks,’ at Haaretz, 21 febrer 2012.

[3] Nir Hasson/Associated Press, 'Monastery near Jerusalem defaced in suspected 'price tag' attack,' at Haaretz 21 agost 2013.’ Jewish extremists originally used the term “price tag” to describe vandalism and violence that targeted Israelis as well as Palestinians and was aimed at preventing or avenging evacuations of West Bank settlers.’

[4] Joshua Mitnick, ‘Mosque is torched in Israel,’ in Wall Street Journal, 4 octubre 2011.'Vandals scrawled "price tag" in Hebrew on a wall outside the mosque, referring to a campaign of retribution by fundamentalist Israeli youths against Palestinians in the West Bank..'

[haaretz.com-5] Oz Rosenberg, 'Home of Israeli left-wing activist defaced in latest 'price tag' act,' in Haaretz, 12 setembre 2011.

[6] Dale Gavlak, 'Price Tag' Israeli Extremists Target Christians,' Christianity Today 13 maig 2014

[7] Yifa Yaakov, 'Arab Israeli complains of Galilee price tag attack,' The Times of Israel 21 abril 2014,

[8] B'tselem, Background on violence by settlers,' 2011:'In recent years, settlers have carried out violent acts under the slogan "price tag." These are acts of random violence aimed at the Palestinian population and Israel Defense Forces and Israeli police.'

[9] Isabel Kershner, Mosque Set on Fire in Northern Israel, at New York Times, 3 octubre 2011:'The attack followed a series of similar assaults on mosques in the West Bank by arsonists suspected of being radical settlers as part of a campaign known as "price tag," which seeks to exact a price from local Palestinians for violence against settlers or from Israeli security forces for taking action against illegal construction in Jewish outposts in the West Bank.'

[Friedman-10] Uri Friedman, The 'Price Tag' Menace: Vigilante Israeli Settler Attacks Spread Arxivat 2013-06-06 a Wayback Machine., at The Atlantic Wire, 3 octubre 2011:'The New York Times defines price tag attacks as incidents in which radical Jewish settlers "exact a price from local Palestinians or from the Israeli security forces for any action taken against their settlement enterprise".'

[11] Ben Schott, 'Schott's Vocab: A Miscellany of Modern Words & Phrases,' in New York Times, 1 juny 2011.

[12] David Khalfa, 'After the Gaza Withdrawal: The Settler’s Struggle Over the Meaning of the Israeli National Identity,’ in Elisabeth Marteu (ed.) Civil Organizations and Protest Movements in Israel: Mobilisation around the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Palgrave Macmillan 2009 pp.27-51 p.42: These radical settlers, about a few hundred people, launched a new tactic called euphemistically “price tag”.'

[13] United Nations Report of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People,^{[Enllaç no actiu]} United Nations General Assembly 65th Session,Supplement No.35 2010 p.10)

[14] Daniel Byman A High Price: The Triumphs and Failures of Israeli Counterterrorism, Oxford University Press/Saban Center, Brookings Institution, 2011 p.290: ‘Radicals espouse a “price tag” doctrine.'

[15] Miriam Fendius Elman, Oded Haklai, Hendrik Spruyt ‘Democracy and Peacemaking in Protracted Conflicts:The Israeli Case,’ Miriam Fendius Elman, Oded Haklai, Hendrik Spruyt (eds.) Democracy and Conflict Resolution: The Dilemmas of Israel's Peacemaking, Syracuse University Press, 2014 pp.1-26, pp.16-17 n,16: ‘settlement supports have been successful in recent years by threatening violent resistance to settlement dismantlement and by resorting to vigilante tactics to prevent further disengagement (e.g., the “price tag campaign” whereby attempts to evacuate illegal settlements have been met with the destruction of Palestinian property and the targeting of Palestinian civilians.)’

[16] Michael Karpin, Imperfect Compromise: A New Consensus Among Israelis and Palestinians, Potamac Books, 2013 p.26.

[17] Eli Ashkenazi,'Vandals scrawl 'Death to Arabs' on window of Druze business in northern Israel,' Haaretz 7 maig 2014.

[18] Nir Hasson, ‘Jerusalem Christians are latest targets in recent spate of 'price tag' attacks,’ at Haaretz, 21 febrer 2012.‘The attack on the Narkis Street Baptist Congregation marks the latest in a series of price tag attacks that have targeted Muslim, Christian and left-wing institutions in the capital over the last two months. But police believe most of the vandalism is not the work of an organized group; rather, they say, the spray-painted slogans are largely copycat actions carried out by lone individuals. The original price tag attacks, in contrast, were thought to be the work of a group of settlers seeking to set a "price tag" on house demolitions in the settlements via retaliatory attacks on Palestinians and/or Israeli soldiers. ‘

[19] Nir Hasson/Associated Press, 'Monastery near Jerusalem defaced in suspected 'price tag' attack,' at Haaretz 21 agost 2013.‘Dr. Gadi Gvaryahu, Chairman of the Bright Tag organization working to deter violent “price tag” attacks against Palestinians, said in of the attack: “The violation of the monastery is directly linked to attacks against over twenty Christian and Muslim places of worship in the last three years. The attackers seek to cause unrest between the various religions in Israel and bring about bloodshed”.’

[20] Ahiya Raved, 'Fire heavily damages Church of Loaves and Fishes on Sea of Galilee,' Ynet 18 juny 2015. According to Rabbis for Human Rights states that 43 such hate crime attacks have been made against churches, mosques and monasteries in Israel, the West Bank and East Jerusalem since 2009.

[21] Amos Harel, Revital Hovel, Jack Khoury,'Security sources: 100 followers of racist rabbi are behind hate crimes,' Haaretz 8 maig 2014.

[22] Ron Ben-Tovim 'Stop Calling Hate Crimes 'price Tag Attacks' It's Offensive,' Haaretz 5 agost 2015.

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Política de l'etiqueta de preus

Referències

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