Massís de l'Ebre

Plantilla:Infotaula indretMassís de l'Ebre

El massís de l'Ebre (història geològica) és un massís que es formà a l'actual conca de l'Ebre a finals del Paleozoic, durant l'orogènia herciniana que també va transformar profundament el nucli primitiu de la península Ibèrica.[1]

En el mar que cobria aquest nucli primitiu, van emergir turons i muntanyes de roques silícies: granit, pissarra i quarsita. Cap al nord-est van emergir el massís d'Aquitània, el massís Catalanobalear, i el massís de l'Ebre, mentre que al sud-est emergia el massís Bético-Rifeny.[1] Fins aleshores, l'oceà de Tetis submergia la totalitat de la península Ibèrica.

Durant l’era primària l’erosió va rebaixar aquests massissos transformant-los en sòcols.[2] Al Paleozoic, ara fa entre 230 i 570 Ma, la totalitat de Catalunya era inclosa en una àmplia conca marítima i on ara hi ha la Depressió Central, hi havia el massís de l'Ebre, que en aquell temps ja era força arrodonit i desgastat[3]

A l'inici de l'Eocè, el massís de l'Ebre es va anar reduint progressivament i l'àrea del sud-est, on ara hi ha el Sistema Mediterrani Català (serralades costaneres) començà a aixecar-se.[4]

Com a resultat, es generen, a banda i banda de les de muntanyes i en paral·lel, unes zones enfonsades que foren inundades pel mar, provocant que bona part dels Pirineus, el massís de l'Ebre i l'actual Sistema Costaner, quedessin submergits sota aigües poc profundes o somes, formant plataformes marines on es van acumular sediments de tipus carbonàtic.[5]

La zona del massís de l'Ebre, recoberta per la capa geològica del Terciari continental, conté les serres que la travessen pel nord, mentre que el massís Ibèric ho fa pel sud-oest. La part més septentrional ha estat afectada fortament per l'orogènia alpina i a la resta només hi ha plecs de tipus halocinètics.[6] Aquests terrenys són de difícil datació, atesa l'escassetat de fòssils.[7] El límit occidental de l'antic massís de l'Ebre estaria situat a l'estret de Sòria.[8][9]

Referències

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Córcoles, J.; González, J.. «1.Era primaria o Paleozoico (600-225 millones de años) Historia Geológica de España» (en castellà). Departamento de Geografía e Historia. IES Bachiller Sabuco. Albacete, 2022. [Consulta: 16 desembre 2022].
  2. ↑ Bofarull, J.M.. «Formació geològica del relleu de la península Ibèrica». geografiabatxillerat.wordpress.com, 28-10-2014. [Consulta: 16 desembre 2022].
  3. ↑ Sacasas Lluís, J.. Geografia de Catalunya. 57. L'Abadia de Montserrat, 2007, p. 28 (Cavall Bernat). ISBN 8484159159, 9788484159155. 
  4. ↑ Mas i Canals, D.. La geomorfología del Vallès Oriental. 62, Secció de Ciències. Institut d'Estudis Catalans, 1981, p. 26. ISBN 8472830365, 9788472830363. 
  5. ↑ «La formació de les serralades de muntanyes. EI final del Mesozoic i l'inici del Paleogen». Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya, ICGC, 2022. Arxivat de l'original el 2019-08-28. [Consulta: 15 desembre 2022].
  6. ↑ «halocinesi». Diccionari de Geologia. Institut d'Estudis Catalans, 1997. [Consulta: 16 desembre 2022].
  7. ↑ «Geología de Navarra» (en basc i castellà). meteo.navarra.es, 2022. [Consulta: 16 desembre 2022].
  8. ↑ «Geologia Ibérica». Cuadernos de geología ibérica, Instituto de Geología Económica, 28, 2002, pàg. 67.
  9. ↑ Benito, M. I.; Mas, R. «Evolución diagenética de los carbonatos arrecifales de la Formación Torrecilla en Cameros y de los carbonatos continentales suprayacentes (Kimmeridgiense inferior-Titónico) en el Sector de Soria. Cuenca de Cameros, N. España.» (PDF). Journal of Iberian Geology, 2002, pàg. 67.

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