Comparador digital

Per a altres significats, vegeu «comparador (desambiguació)».
One-bit binary full comparator, equality, inequality, greater than, less than at gate level. Created using CircuitLab
comparador alternatiu sense utilitzar XNOR (mitjançant la porta NOR)

Un comparador digital o comparador lògic és un circuit lògic al qual es presenten dues paraules en forma binària com a entrada i que determina quin dels dos números corresponents és més gran o si són iguals. Exemples de comparadors lògics són CMOS 4063 i 4585 i TTL 7485 i 74682-89. Un equivalent analògic seria l'amplificador operacional en mode saturat.[1]

Comparador d'identitat

Estructura d'un comparador d'identitat

El comparador d'identitat (anglès: Identity Comparator) prova dos bits per obtenir la igualtat, ho fa amb l'ajut d'una porta XNOR. Per comparar bytes, es comparen dos bits equivalents entre si i el resultat es vincula amb una porta AND.[2]

Comparadors simples
Comparacions família descripció
Byte de 2 × 8 bits TTL SN74LS688 (de TI)
Byte de 2 × 9 bits TTL AM29809 (d'AMD)

Comparador de magnitud

Estructura d'un comparador de magnituds d'1 bit

A més a més de la igualtat, el comparador de magnituds també pot provar les relacions més gran que i més petit que. Per poder realitzar la comparació de magnituds, cal codificar els dos números de la mateixa manera. A més, el comparador de magnituds s'ha de dissenyar per al codi utilitzat.[3]

La taula de veritat d' un comparador de dues paraules d'un bit cadascuna es pot expressar de la següent manera :[4]

Taula de veritat per al comparador de magnituds de 1 bit
a b y a > b y a = b y a < b
0 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 0
1 1 0 1 0

Tipus de xips comparadors

  • Circuits integrats de la sèrie LM
  • Circuits integrats de la sèrie 4000
  • Circuits integrats de la sèrie 7400

Vegeu també

Referències

  1. B. SOMANATHAN NAIR. DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND LOGIC DESIGN. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 1 gener 2002, p. 105–. ISBN 978-81-203-1956-1. 
  2. Allan Mitsuo Miyoshi. A High-speed Digital Comparator. University of California, Berkeley, 1962. 
  3. Ulrich Tietze; Ch Schenk; Christoph Schenk Electronic circuits: design and applications. Springer-Verlag, 1991. ISBN 978-0-387-50608-1. 
  4. Frank Vahid. Digital Design with RTL Design, VHDL, and Verilog. John Wiley & Sons, 9 març 2010, p. 192–. ISBN 978-0-470-53108-2. 

Bibliografia

Enllaços externs

  • Generadors electrònics de senyal Arxivat 2007-04-04 a Wayback Machine.
  • Working principle of multivibrators. Video (anglès)

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