Apnea del son

Per a altres significats, vegeu «Apnea».
Aquest article o secció no cita les fonts o necessita més referències per a la seva verificabilitat.
Plantilla:Infotaula malaltiaApnea del son
Apnea obstructiva del son modifica
Tipustrastorn del son, apnea, sleep-related breathing disorder (en) Tradueix i malaltia Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Especialitatpneumologia i otorinolaringologia Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Clínica-tractament
Tractamentpressió positiva contínua en les vies respiratòres, Positional Therapy Versus CPAP for Positional OSA (en) Tradueix i Mandibular advancement splint (en) Tradueix Modifica el valor a Wikidata
 Medicació
pressió positiva contínua en les vies respiratòres Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Classificació
CIM-117A42 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
CIM-10G47.3
CIM-9327.23, 780.57
CIAPP06 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Recursos externs
MedlinePlus000811 i 003997 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
eMedicineped/2114
MeSHD012891 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
UMLS CUIC0037315 i C0020529 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
DOIDDOID:0050847 Modifica el valor a Wikidata

L'apnea del son és un trastorn del son caracteritzat per la interrupció sobtada de la respiració quan s'està dormint. En aquest tipus d'apnea hi ha uns roncs forts perllongats de manera regular durant un temps, fins que són interromputs per un període de silenci de més de deu segons, amb tallada de la respiració. Si aquesta dura menys de deu segons, es considera una pausa respiratòria.

L'apnea del son afecta aproximadament un 4% de la població masculina i un 2% de la població femenina, i és més freqüent en adults grans, obesos i hipertensos.

El pacient amb apnea obstructiva pateix un risc més gran d'accidents degut a la seva son excessiva durant el dia, que fa que es pugui adormir en llocs no apropiats (feina, automòbil o altres accions de risc).

L'apnea del son es diagnostica amb una prova de son anomenada polisomnografia, o "estudi del son". Ajuden a la seva sospita una puntuació alta amb el qüestionari de somnolència d'Epworth i una classe II o IV de Mallampati.

Tipus d'apnea del son

Existeixen, fonamentalment, tres tipus d'apnea:

  • Obstructiva: denominada síndrome de l'apnea obstructiva del son (SAOS): absència del senyal respiratori en presència d'esforç respiratori (moviments toracoabdominals).
  • Central: absència de senyal respiratòria i absència d'esforç respiratori (no es detecten moviments toracoabdominales).
  • Mixta: apnea que habitualment comença com central i acaba amb un component obstructiu.

Enllaços externs

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