Храчка

Класификация и външни ресурси
Храчка

Специалност	пулмология
Мед. рубрики MeSH	D013183
Храчка в Общомедия

Храчката (на латински: sputum) е гъста слуз, която се отделя от секретите на белите дробове или носната кухина и се изхвърля през устата.^[1] Обикновено е примесена със слюнка.^[2]^[3] В медицината, храчките най-често се изследват с невъоръжено око или под микроскоп при наличието на проблеми с дихателната система.

Храчките могат да се изследват и в домашни условия от пациента, отбелязвайки цвета им. Жълтите оттенъци (гной) подсказват за инфекция на дихателните пътища, но не са показателни за вида на организма причинител. Такива оттенъци са най-лесно видими, когато храчката е наложена върху бял фон (например хартия). Колкото е по-жълт цвета, толкова е по-голяма вероятността за бактериална инфекция (бронхит, бронхопневмония или пневмония).

Нормален трахеобронхиален секрет

Нормалният секрет на трахеобронхиалното дърво е слуз, произвеждана от жлезите на трахеята и големите бронхи. Тя съдържа клетъчни елементи (главно алвеоларни макрофаги и лимфоцити). Този секрет има бактерицидна функция и спомага за извеждането на вдишани частици извън организма. Обикновено, обемът му не превишава 100 ml за денонощие.^[3]

Бележки

↑ храчка – Речник на българския език
↑ Clinical Microbiology procedures handbook, American Society for Microbiology 2nd Ed. 2007 update
↑ ^а ^б Мокрота // Энциклопедический словарь медицинских терминов. Москва, Советская энциклопедия, 1982 – 1984.

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