Набережние Челни

Набережние Челни
Набережные Челны
— Град —
Знаме
      
Герб
Русия
55.7149° с. ш. 52.3697° и. д.
Набережние Челни
Татарстан
55.7149° с. ш. 52.3697° и. д.
Набережние Челни
Страна Русия
Федерален субектТатарстан
Площ171 km²
Надм. височина100 m
НаселениеПовишение 545 750 души (2024)
КметНаил Магдеев
Основаване1626
Град от1930
Пощенски код423800–423899
Телефонен код+7 8552
Часова зонаUTC+4:00
Официален сайтnabchelny.ru
Набережние Челни в Общомедия

Набережние Челни (на руски: На̀бережные Челны̀; на татарски: Яр Чаллы или Yar Çallı – „каменист бряг“), от 19 ноември 1982 до 6 януари 1988 наричан Брежнев, е град в Русия, в североизточната част на Татарстан, на левия бряг на река Кама.[1] Има статут на град на републиканско подчинение, център е на Тукаевски район (през 1930 – 1976 наричан Челнински район), главен град на полицентричната Нижнекамска (по-точно Набережночелнинско-Нижнекамска) градска агломерация, втори по население и значение град в Татарстан. Площ 146 км².

Население

Градът има население от 507 200 хил. жители (513 356 по преброяване от 2002 г.), което съставлява около 13,5 % от населението на Татарстан. Етническият състав включва: руснаци 44,9 %, татари 47,4 %, чуваши 1,9 %, украинци 1,3 %, башкири 1,2 %, марийци, мордовци и удмурти 1,5 %. Нижнекамската агломерация наброява около 900 хил. жители.

История

В летописи от Волжка България (1680) се споменава за основаването на нейна територия на град Яр Чаллъ през 1172 г. по инициатива на молла Мирхаджи Наккар. На италиански и други карти от 14 в. градът е отбелязан като Жарказанския диалект на прабългарския език думата „яр“ се произнася като „жар“).

Икономика

Обемът на промишлената продукция на предприятията в града съставлява 20 % от общия обем на Татарстан. Основните отрасли са машиностроенето, електроэнергетиката, строителната индустрия, преработващата промишленост, включителнотоварни и леки автомобили, дизелови двигатели.

Предприятия: КАМАЗ, нефто-химически комбинат, АО „Тателектромаш“, картонно-хартиен комбинат, АО „Камгесенергострой“, ВЕЦ „Нижнекамская“ (мощност 1248 МВт), ТЕЦ „Набережночелнинская“ и др.

Набережние Челни са най-важният транспортен възел в Североизточен Татарстан. Има голямо речно пристанище, железопътна гара за града и разположена на 17 км на югозапад възлова гара Круглое Поле.

Външни препратки

Бележки

  1. Набережние Челни (На́бережные Челны́) // Голяма руска енциклопедия (в 36 тома). 1 изд. Т. 21. Монголци - Наноматериал [Монголы — Наноматериалы]. Москва, Издателство „Голяма руска енциклопедия“, 2013. ISBN 978-5-85270-355-2. с. 767. Посетен на 7 юни 2019. (на руски) Архив на оригинала от 2019-06-07 в Wayback Machine. ((ru))

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